THE NEED FOR PERCEPTION
PERCEPTION DISTORTED
In similar manner, fear or other negative emotions, or perhaps
our past experiences, or even blind faith or acceptance can distort
our perceptions and cause us to come to wrong conclusions about
what we hear and see. If unchecked, they can even lead us to be
deceived. Christ condemned a generation which was able to correctly
forecast the weather but which lacked the same perception in spiritual
matters. "Why
do you not judge what is right?",
He lamented (Lk 12:54-57).
MERE WORDS?
Christ's use of parables to proclaim the message of the Kingdom
illustrates the principle that you can hear or listen to words
but not really perceive or discern the intent of
what is being said:
THE PERCEPTION OF JESUS CHRIST
SEEING AND HEARING CORRECTLY
HUMAN MISPERCEPTIONS
Yet even when Christ taught His disciples plainly, without parables,
there were problems!
Peter did well to speak his mind, yet the infallible Son of God
should have, at least in the fullness of time, been seen as an
absolute reference by His closest followers. Instead, we are told
that Peter, one of the two disciples who came to the empty tomb
after Christ's resurrection, still did not understand that what
Christ had so long taught about His resurrection was correct (Jn
20:9)! Yet these same disciples had seen Lazarus resurrected from
the dead!
Unlike Christ, we are fallible, and we seek evidence for what
we believe, and rightly so. We need to question, to reference
at times what we hear and see. Blind faith is a recipe for disaster,
as has been our experience, and likewise is blind acceptance of
everything heard or seen. It's so easy to forsake logic and common
sense, to settle for the first thing your eyes and ears tell you,
or to default to preconceived notions, in the process ignoring
realities that should be an integral part of the evaluative process.
How acute is our sense of perception?
Christ many times used the expression "he who has ears to
hear" (Mt 11:15; 13:9,43; Mk 4:9,23; 7:16; Lk 8:8). In Luke
8:18, He stated "Therefore take heed how you hear".
Revelation warns the churches that it is "he who has an ear"that
is, an ear to listen, to listen correctly, with perception and
discernmentwho will understand what the Spirit of God imparts
to the Church (Rev 2:7,11,17,29; 3:6,13,22; see also Rev 13:9).
THE SPIRIT OF ERROR
So do we uncritically accept all that is said to us, publicly
from the pulpit, or personally? If so, we may well be at the very
least misinformed, at the worst deluded or deceived. It requires
perception and discernment of spirit, of attitude, to pick up
error if it is present. Notice Paul's instruction to the Corinthian
Church:
In Mt 12:33, Jesus also told the multitudes that if the tree was
made good, then its fruit would be good also. Notice also what
Luke adds to Christ's imagery of the tree:
CONCLUSION
So how perceptive are we?
To God we are known:
Ps 139:1-4 (NIV) O LORD, you have searched me and you know
me. 2 You know when I sit and when I rise; you perceive my thoughts
from afar. 3 You discern my going out and my lying down; you
are familiar with all my ways. 4 Before a word is on my tongue
you know it completely, O LORD.
We of course do not know ourselves as God would have us understand
our true selvesalthough perhaps some of us may think we do. Therefore
God tests our hearts so that we may come to know what He knows
about us:
Ps 7:9 (NRSV) ...establish the righteous, you who test
the minds and hearts [Heb: "hearts and kidneys"the
seats of thoughts and emotions respectively], O righteous God.
(cf. Jer 11:20; 17:10; 20:12; Rev 2:23)
We also need to constantly examine ourselves, what we feel, think
and believe, and how and why we act as we do. How well do we evaluate
our own hearts and motives when it comes to thinking and judging
correctly, and how perceptive are we in discerning error that
may present itself to us from inside or out, in whatever form
it appears? What are the criteria we use to evaluate and make
judgments about what we hear and see?
It's easy to believe what we want to believe. Our perspective
can very quickly be distorted, our ability to correctly discern
overridden by emotion. Logic and clear thinking can be rapidly
relegated to the garbage bin and in the process we may end up
being misled. Let us examine an instance of this which led to
grave consequences for ancient Israel in the wilderness.
The spies commissioned by Moses to explore the land of Canaan
gave two reports, or perhaps a report in two parts, upon their
return. The first was apparently given by all twelve of them:
Nu 13:27-29 (NIV) They gave Moses this account: "We
went into the land to which you sent us, and it does flow with
milk and honey! Here is its fruit. 28 But the people who live
there are powerful, and the cities are fortified and very large.
We even saw descendants of Anak there. 29 The Amalekites live
in the Negev; the Hittites, Jebusites and Amorites live in the
hill country; and the Canaanites live near the sea and along the
Jordan."
The first report was quite factual, speaking of the goodness of
the land but also of the strength of the inhabitants and the large
and fortified cities, points which Moses had asked them to investigate
(Nu 13:18-19). However, the reaction of the people to it was one
of utter consternation. Fear set in, and the other spies, in their
second report, now showed their true feelings:
Nu 13:31-33 (NIV) But the men who had gone up with him
[referring to Caleb] said, "We can't attack those people;
they are stronger than we are." 32 And they spread among
the Israelites a bad report about the land they had explored.
They said, "The land we explored devours those living in
it. All the people we saw there are of great size. 33 We saw
the Nephilim there (the descendants of Anak come from the Nephilim).
We seemed like grasshoppers in our own eyes, and we looked the
same to them."
Fear caused them to embellish their first report and to exaggerate.
The realities of the situation were suddenly misperceived. The
people of the land were now not only strong but "stronger
than we are". All the inhabitants were all of a sudden
"of great size" and they themselves were as "grasshoppers"
compared with the descendants of Anak. The land of milk and honey
had become a land that "devoured" those living in it.
Furthermore, the ten spies now linkeddeliberately or otherwisethe
sons of Anak with the Nephilim, destroyed by the Flood (although
the name no doubt lived on in reference to men of great stature
and strength), evoking yet more fear. The result was open rebellion
against God and His anointed leaders, and a readiness on the part
of the people to head back to Egypt.
So let us take some cues from Jesus Christ about this matter of
perception:
Jn 2:23-25 (NIV) Now while he was in Jerusalem at the
Passover Feast, many people saw the miraculous signs he was doing
and believed in his name. 24 But Jesus would not entrust himself
to them, for he knew all men. 25 He did not need man's testimony
about man, for he knew what was in a man.
Christ indeed knew men with the knowledge of God and saw the imperfections
of this belief in Him that was professed, and expressed, no doubt
very vocally by some, by those who witnessed His works. Words
spoken are not always the true expression of what is in the heart.
How well do we understand this?
Mt 13:10-15 (NIV) The disciples came to him and asked,
"Why do you speak to the people in parables?" 11 He
replied, "The knowledge of the secrets of the kingdom of
heaven has been given to you [Why is it that some are at this
time able to embrace the truths of God, yet not others?], but
not to them. 12 Whoever has will be given more [but is this some
automatic process, or does the individual also have a part
to play?], and he will have an abundance. Whoever does not have,
even what he has will be taken from him. 13 This is why I speak
to them in parables [here Christ gives the reason for
His use of parables to teach the truths of the Kingdom]: "Though
seeing, they do not see; though hearing, they do not hear or understand
[so people can hear but not derive understanding from what
is heard; Christ spoke to them in parables to try to help them
to understand (Mk 4:33)]. 14 In them is fulfilled the prophecy
of Isaiah [Isa 6:9-10: a prophecy about a nation willingly blinded
due to its lack of perception]: 'You will be ever hearing but
never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never perceiving.
15 For this people's heart has become calloused; they hardly
hear with their ears [an interesting rendering of "their
ears are hard of hearing"; they hear, but they don't really
hear], and they have [willingly] closed their eyes. Otherwise
they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand
with their hearts and turn, and I would [spiritually] heal them.'"
Mark's account then adds this admonition:
Mk 4:24 (NIV) "Consider carefully what you hear,"
he continued. "With the measure you use, it will be measured
to youand even more."
In other words, the amount of profitin the case of the parables,
spiritual profityou derive from what you hear is directly proportional
to the attention you pay in your hearing. So let us take some
more cues from the manner in which Christ heard and saw, and then
made judgments.
Prophetically, the process by which Jesus Christ judges, through
the power of the Holy Spirit, is described in this way (some inserts
provided by me):
Isa 11:2-3 (NIV) The Spirit of the LORD will rest on him
[and then are listed some of the attributes of this Spirit]the
Spirit of wisdom and of understanding, the Spirit
of counsel and of power [and we might add "sound-mindedness",
as Paul does in 2Ti 1:7], the Spirit of knowledge and of
the fear of the LORD3 and he will delight in the
fear of the LORD. [And because of these attributes of the Spiriting
indwelling Him] He will not judge [only] by what he [literally]
sees with his eyes, or decide [only] by what he [actually] hears
with his ears.
It is of course the eyes and the ears that are used to make judgments;
but it is a question of how one sees and how one
hears, is it not? So how did Jesus Christ see and hearand judgewhile
He walked on the earth?
Mt 9:2-4 (NRSV) Some men brought to him a paralytic, lying
on a mat. When Jesus saw their faith, he said to the paralytic,
"Take heart, son; your sins are forgiven." 3 At this,
some of the teachers of the law said to themselves, "This
fellow is blaspheming!" 4 Knowing [Gk: eido"knowing
very well, seeing, being aware of, considering, understanding,
perceiving"; NRSV: "perceiving"; the same word
is translated "sight" in 2Co 5:7: "we walk by faith,
not by sight"] their thoughts, Jesus said, "Why
do you entertain evil thoughts in your hearts?"
Christ knew what was in their minds. Was this some automated process
or did He use His mind, empowered by the Spirit of His Father,
this Spirit of power and sound-mindedness, (2Ti 1:7), of wisdom
and understanding? Just how did he perceive their thoughts? Let's
notice what Mark's version of this event adds:
Mk 2:8 (NRSV) At once Jesus perceived [Gk: epiginosko"recognizing,
perceiving, learning, finding out"] in his spirit [NAU: "aware
in His spirit"] that they were
discussing these questions among themselves; and he said to them,
"Why do you raise such questions in your hearts?"
So Christ was aware in spirit as to the motives behind the words
which were spoken. He, who "knew what was in a man",
was also uncannily perceptive. Yet another instance illustrates
this:
Lk 9:46-48 Then a dispute arose among them Christ's disciples
[whom He of course knew very well], as to which of them would
be greatest. 47 And Jesus, perceiving [Gk: eido] the thought
of their heart, took a little child and set him by Him, 48 and
said to them, "Whoever receives this little child in My name
receives Me; and whoever receives Me receives Him who sent Me.
For he who is least among you all will be great."
When the Pharisees and Herodians sought to trap Jesus in His words,
notice how He saw through their evil intentions:
Mt 22:17-18 "Tell us, therefore, what do You think?
Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?" 18 But Jesus
perceived [Gk: ginosko"know, be aware of, feel, perceive,
understand"] their wickedness, and said, "Why do you
test Me, you hypocrites?"
All three Greek words translated as "know" in these
verses are elsewhere used in the New Testament to refer to the
knowledge, perception or realization human beings come to through
the use of their minds. The question is therefore: how much of
Christ's "knowledge" of men and their motives in his
earthly dealings with them was acquired by perception? It has
perhaps been fashionable in come circles to attribute all of Christ's
perceptive insight to the full measure of the Spirit available
to Him (Jn 3:34), almost as an automated process, as though He,
whose example we are to emulate, somehow no longer needed to call
upon His own mind, His own powers of reasoning, His ability to
evaluate facts correctly. Jesus Christ learned, did He
not (Lk 2:52; Heb 5:8)?
At the Feast of Tabernacles in John chapter 7, Christ was taken
to task for healing a lame man on the Sabbath by Jews whose rabbinic
interpretation of the law of circumcision of Lev 12:3 made an
eighth-day circumcision which took place on the Sabbath supreme
over the Sabbath itself. They thus failed to perceive God's true
purpose for the Sabbath, and Christ rebuked them:
Jn 7:24 (NIV) "Stop judging by mere appearances [how
it seems to you, based solely on what you have heard, seen
and experienced], and make a right judgment [correctly evaluate
the facts at your disposal!]."
Or, as Paul put it to those members of the Corinthian Church who
still disputed his apostolic authority and who stood to be deceived
by certain false teachers who professed to be more 'spiritual'
than him:
2Co 10:7 You are looking only on the surface of things
[NKJV: "according to the outward appearance"; NRSV:
"Look at (properly, with perception) what is before your
eyes"]. If anyone is confident that he belongs to Christ,
he should consider again that we belong to Christ just as much
as he.
For these people, Paul's apostolic commission should have undisputedly
validated by the fruitsby the factswhen properly perceived,
considered and evaluated. As he had earlier pointed out to them
in his epistle:
2Co 5:12 (NIV) We are not trying to commend ourselves to
you again, but are giving you an opportunity to take pride in
us, so that you can answer those who take pride in what is seen
[at first glance, let us say] rather than in what is in the heart.
To make a right judgment, we thus need to evaluate correctly
what we see and what we hear, do we not? And we need to be prepared
to look below the surface if necessary.
It is human to allow our own emotions, impressions of people and
past experiences to cloud our assessment of what we hear and see
and to then come to a wrong conclusion because logic, discernment
and clear perception have been overridden. The striking examples
of their Master did not always rub off on His disciples. Let's
note some instances of this:
Mt 16:5-12 (NRSV) When the disciples reached the other
side, they had forgotten to bring any bread. 6 Jesus said to
them, "Watch out, and beware of the yeast (leaven) of the
Pharisees and Sadducees." 7 They said to one another, "It
is because we have brought no bread." 8 And becoming aware
of it, Jesus said, "You of little faith, why are you talking
about having no bread? 9 Do you still not perceive? Do you not
remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many baskets
you gathered? 10 Or the seven loaves for the four thousand [and
He had only just recently fed them!], and how many baskets you
gathered? 11 How could you fail to perceive that I was not speaking
about bread? Beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees!"
12 Then [finally!] they understood that he had not told them to
beware of the yeast of bread, but of the teaching of the Pharisees
and Sadducees.
Mark's account adds:
Mk 8:17-18 (NRSV) And becoming aware of it, Jesus said
to them, "Why are you talking about having no bread? Do you
still not perceive or understand? Are your hearts hardened? 18
Do you have eyes, and fail to see? Do you have ears, and fail
to hear? And do you not remember [and how frequently memory, correctly
referenced, seems to take second place in the process of evaluation
of what we see and hear!]?"
Christ rebuked His disciples not so much for having failed to
understand His metaphorical use of the word "leaven"
to describe the corrupt teaching of the Jewish leaders, but because
they imagined that a shortage of food would be a worry to Him!
What about all those miracles? Their hearts were "hardened",
almost as if they did not want to understand. They focussed so
much on their false assumption that Christ was complaining about
their not having brought sufficient bread for this journey that
an important lesson was going right over their heads. A good example
of a decided lack of perception! They had the living Word of God
there with them and should reasonably have known better.
Mt 16:21-25 (NIV) From that time on Jesus began to explain
to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many
things at the hands of the elders, chief priests and teachers
of the law, and that he must be killed and on the third day be
raised to life. 22 Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him.
"Never, Lord!" he said. "This shall never happen
to you!" 23 Jesus turned and said to Peter, "Get behind
me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me; you do not have in
mind the things of God, but the things of men [a seemingly harsh
responseif we look only on the surfaceto Peter's apparent concern
for his lord!]." 24 Then Jesus said to his disciples, "If
anyone would come after me, he must deny himself and take up his
cross and follow me. 25 For whoever wants to save his life will
lose it, but whoever loses his life for me will find it."
Mark's account of this says that Christ "spoke plainly about
this" (Mk 8:32), that is, He was quite open about this now
explicit teaching about His forthcoming death (although He had
previously made incidental allusions to it, e.g. Mk 2:20). It
may have in fact been prompted by Peter's acknowledgement of Christ's
Messiahship, which had apparently taken place just before this
incident (Mt 16:13-20; Mk 8:27-30; Lk 9:18-21), and for which
Christ praised him for having accepted this revelation from God
about His Son (Mt 16:17). We can assume that the rest of the disciples
therefore also acknowledged this, Peter being so often the spokesman
for the group. Convinced though he was of Jesus' Messianic status,
Peter contested Christ's assertions concerning His future to His
face! Yet had His Master ever spoken falsely or taught wrongly?
Notions of suffering and rejection, however, did not fit into
Peter's pre-defined concept of Messiahship. "You are wrong!",
he protested vehemently. He was most severely rebuked by Jesus,
who promptly discerned the source of Peter's words, and the outburst
occasioned a lesson about self-denial and the cost of discipleship
(Mt 16:24-28; Mk 8:34-38; Lk 9:23-26). Poor Peter! In a similar
vein, when he asked Christ for an explanation of the parable about
clean and unclean, he and the other disciples were met with the
resounding response: "Are you still so dull?" (Mt 15:15-16,
NIV). Again, he should have understood, but his perception was
faulty.
So one may have directly from God awesome understanding, such
as Peter had about the nature of God's Son, but still have these
truths enshrouded with misperceptions. However, let us also not
forget that it was this same Peter, who some time later, was able
topromptly, it seemsperceive the deception of Ananias and Sapphira
(Acts 5:3). Some powerful lessons about spiritual perception had
obviously been learnt.
In a Corinthian Church rich in spiritual gifts, to some was powerfully
given the gift of spiritual perception, the ability to discern
the spirit of error:
1Co 12:10 to another the working of miracles, to another
prophecy, to another discerning of spirits [that is, the
true from the false] to another different kinds of tongues, to
another the interpretation of tongues.
In listing this gift after that of prophecy, which is primarily
the inspired proclamation of the Word of God, which strengthens,
encourages and comforts (1Co 14:3-4), it seems reasonable to conclude
that this gift of the discerning of spirits would serve to help
distinguish true prophecy from the false.
And the possessor of this specific gift was to use it in accordance
with God's set purpose:
1Co 12:7 But the manifestation of the Spirit is given
to each one for the profit of all.
So we would assume that such a gift would be valued and referred
to by the whole Church. Yet we all need to be developing this
ability, for such an attitude is demanded of all of us. Notice
again how prophesizingthe inspired proclamation of the Word of
Godis linked with the need to test, or discern the truth or otherwise
of a prophetic utterance:
1Pe 4:10 (NIV) Each one should use whatever gift he has
received to serve others, faithfully administering God's grace
in its various forms.
1Th 5:20-21 Do not despise prophecies [God's words spoken].
21 Test all things; hold fast what is good [and of course reject
what is bad, or wrong].
The exhortation is that the people of God must not uncritically
acceptor reject, for that matterspiritual teaching, but must
be careful in all matters to distinguish the goodthe correctand
hold on to it. In this way, every kind of evil, including error,
will be avoided (1Th 5:22, NIV), and deception will not ensue.
1Co 14:29 Two or three prophets should speak [again, proclaiming
the Word of God], and the others [the remaining prophets, or even
the entire congregation; certainly those who powerfully possessed
the gift of discernment of 1Co 12:10] should weigh carefully what
is said [in other words, should judge the validity of the message;
sound advice, for false prophets infiltrated the Church from the
beginning (2Pe 2:1; 1Jn 4:1); while the "spirits of the prophets"
are to be subject to prophets (v. 32), this is not always so]
Yet how many of us even today still hold to notions of infallibility
on the part of the speaker communicating the Word of God to us
publicly or privately? We must constantly validate the spirits:
1Jn 4:1 Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test
the spirits, whether they are of God; because many false prophets
have gone out into the world.
GUIDELINES TO PERCEIVING CORRECTLY
So in order to determine the true from the erroneous we must judge
critically, be perceptive, be discerning. Several guidelines have
been given. Let's conclude by re-emphasizing and expanding upon
two of these.
Solomon offers us some good general advice to think about before
making up our minds about something we may have heard and in turn
speaking about it:
Pr 18:13 He who answers a matter before he hears it [NIV:
before "listening"], it is folly and shame to him.
Now obviously the matter has already been heard; Solomon's point
is that it has not been heard in its entirety. The principle
here warning of prejudiced or thoughtless verdicts by judges applies
also to each of us in the Body of the Church:
Pr 18:17 (NIV) The first to present his case seems right,
till another comes forward and questions him [NRSV: "cross-examines"].
First impressions can mislead, words listened to but not cross-referenced
can result in deception, while referencing what is heard may prove
a case has two sides to it. We come from a Church culture where
we have been taught neither to question nor to cross-reference,
either those in authority or even one another, since we are all
brethren in the Churchas though it were somehow sinful to question
one another to seek clarification! Yet the Scriptures tell us
that the human heart is deceptive (Jer 17:9) and warn us against
unreserved trust without first putting to the test against the
Word of God what we hear and what we see. As James admonishes
us:
Jas 1:19 So then, my beloved brethren, let every man be
swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath.
Mt 7:15-20 "Beware of false prophets [this is referenced
to v.22, to those "prophesizing"or bringing a message,
supposedly from God, in Christ's name; so Christ is talking about
people who fail to speak the Words of God correctly], who come
to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravenous wolves.
16 You will know them by their fruits. Do men gather grapes from
thornbushes or figs from thistles? 17 Even so, every good tree
bears good fruit, but a bad tree bears bad fruit. 18 A good tree
cannot bear bad fruit, nor can a bad tree bear good fruit. 19
Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown
into the fire. 20 Therefore by their fruits you will know them."
Now the wolf, at least in the first instance, is more likely to
be hungry than malevolent; so false prophets, at the outset, may
well be self-deceived rather than wantonly deceptive (Paul warned
Timothy about imposters "deceiving and being deceived"
[2Ti 3:13]; the course of deception is a progressive one). Even
so, the warning still holds true. Just as good fruit stands out,
so must words be matched by deeds, by lives which accord with
godliness. We are very familiar with these verses and with this
precept given us by Christ. Do we apply this principle of being
perceptive to fruits in our dealings with one another or do we
assume Christ was referring only to false prophets and to evil
deeds?
Lk 6:45 "A good man out of the good treasure of his
heart brings forth good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure
of his heart brings forth evil."
He then links this lesson of the tree producing good or bad fruits
with words spoken according to the intent of the heart:
"For out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks."
So fruits are not to restricted to deeds. Do we listen to people's
words, those unpremeditated words which often reveal so
much about the intents of the heart? God does, for Christ said
that our words will either justify us or condemn us (Mt 12:37).
Do we apply discernment and correct reasoning if warning bells
start to ring in our minds? Words can deceive the hearers if perception
is not applied. Note the wise counsel of Elihu, re-echoing what
Job had previously said (Job 12:11):
Job 34:3 (NIV) For the ear tests words [unless one is a
fool!] as the tongue tastes food.
A sensitive palate can identify a multitude of different foods.
How discerning are our ears? How do we listen to and take in what
is said to us? There are a myriad of forms of words which can
disguise error. Paul warned the Church against deception through
the use of "empty" words if they were not properly discerned
or referenced by the hearers:
Eph 5:6 Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because
of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience.
And also against deception through "persuasive" words:
Col 2:4 Now this I say lest anyone should deceive you
with persuasive words.
1Th 2:5 speaks of "flattering" wordswords used insincerelywhich
can mask covetousness, which is idolatry (Col 3:5). By contrast,
1Ti 6:3 (NRSV) stresses "the sound words of our Lord Jesus
Christ" as the standard for godly teaching, the same pattern
of "sound words" Paul urged Timothy to hold fast to
in faith and love (2Ti 1:13).
So let us all ask ourselves again: how do we listen to
words?
Christian love must not be devoid of perception, of spiritual
discernment. It is our safeguard against deception:
Php 1:9-10 And this I pray, that your love may abound
still more and more in knowledge and all [that is, in
the fullness of] discernment, 10 that you may approve
the things that are excellent [NIV: "that you may be able
to discern what is best"], that you may be sincere and without
offense till the day of Christ,
It is not a blind love; we must even know who our enemies are
if we are to love them as God would have us. We love with perception,
leading to true understanding, not with mere sentiment.