INTRODUCTION
In the second chapter of his first letter to the Church in Corinth,
the apostle Paul makes comparisons and contrasts between the human
spirit and the Holy Spirit of God. Let us notice some of the points
he brings out:
1Co 2:11-12 For what man knows the things of a man except
[by] the spirit of the man which is in him? Even so no one knows
the things of God except [by] the Spirit of God.
Just as the qualities of human beings are known through the human
spirit dwelling within them, so the Holy Spirit imparts the things
of God.
Paul then goes on to explain one of the reasons for the receipt
of the Spirit of God by the Church:
12 Now we have received not the spirit of the world [the Satanic
wisdom of this age, or human wisdom; 2Co 4:4; Eph 2:2], but the
Spirit that is from God, so that we may understand the gifts
bestowed on us by God.
The New English Bible renders the last part of this verse as "that
we may know all that God of His own grace gives us".
Brethren, how well do we comprehend the nature of these gifts,
gifts of the Holy Spirit imparted by the grace of God? This is
what I would like to examine.
GIFTS AND THE SPIRIT OF GOD
We understand, at least to a limited degree, that the human spirit,
without which the body is dead (Jas 2:26) imparts understanding,
as Job tells us:
Job 32:8 But there is a spirit in man, and the breath
of the Almighty gives him understanding.
It is via this spirit that God also imparts human gifts and talents,
as evidenced by those skilled men whose services were called upon
to make the priestly garments for Aaron and his sons:
Ex 28:3 "So you shall speak [Moses was instructed]
to all who are gifted artisans, whom I have filled with the spirit
of wisdom, that they may make Aaron's garments, to consecrate
him, that he may minister to Me as priest."
Likewise, Daniel, we read in Da 6:3 "distinguished himself
above the governors and satraps, because an excellent spirit was
in him."the human spirit, but certainly not excluding the
influence of the Spirit of God.
It is this human spirit that must be perfected, we are told by
the writer of the Book of Hebrews (Heb 12:23). This is the work
of the Holy Spirit of God in us (2Co 5:17; 7:1; Eph 4:23-4). Let
us then note some of the attributes of the Spirit of God:
Isa 11:2 The Spirit of the LORD shall rest upon Him, the
Spirit of wisdom and understanding, the Spirit of counsel and
might, the Spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD.
The Spirit of His Father endowed Jesus Christ with the wisdom
and the power to fulfill the purposes of God while on earth. In
similar manner, the Holy Spirit has empowered and endued human
beings in the service of God. Let us look at some concrete examples
of this.
To help Moses bear the burdens of the people, seventy elders were
chosen from among the leading men of Israel, who were then especially
endowed by God for the purpose:
Nu 11:16-17 (NIV) The LORD said to Moses: "Bring
me seventy of Israel's elders who are known to you as leaders
and officials among the people. Have them come to the Tent of
Meeting [the tabernacle], that they may stand there with you.
17 I will come down and speak with you there, and I will take
of the Spirit that is on you and put the Spirit on them [a sharing
of the Spirit, as it were, picturing the sharing of responsibility].
They will help you carry the burden of the people so that you
will not have to carry it alone."
Some of the gifts and the powers of the Spirit were thus transferred
to these seventy men. Interestingly enough, as an aside, issues
of conversion do not seem to have come into the picture here!
In similar manner, let us note the role of the Spirit of God when
skilled artisans were required for the construction of the tabernacle
and its furnishings:
Ex 35:30-35 (NIV) Then Moses said to the Israelites, "See,
the LORD has chosen (literally "called by name"; NEB:
"specially chosen") Bezalel son of Uri, the son of Hur,
of the tribe of Judah, 31 and he has filled him with the Spirit
of God, with skill, ability and knowledge in all kinds of crafts32
to make artistic designs for work in gold, silver and bronze,
33 to cut and set stones, to work in wood and to engage in all
kinds of artistic craftsmanship. 34 And he has given both him
and Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, the ability
to teach others. 35 He has filled them with skill to do all kinds
of work as craftsmen, designers, embroiderers in blue, purple
and scarlet yarn and fine linen, and weaversall of them master
craftsmen and designers."
So the Spirit of God, in fulfillment of His purpose, can endow
men with ability above and beyond that naturally imparted or learned
by the human spirit, such as the creative skill of Bezalel, the
master craftsman, or the ability to teach others as was bestowed
upon Oholiab. Or the talent to administer, as seen in Othniel,
the judge of Israel, and in the other judges called to serve God
and His people:
Jdg 3:10 (NIV) The Spirit of the LORD came upon him, so
that he became Israel's judge and went to war.
It is characteristic of God to provide men and women with both
the desire as well the means to fulfill His purposes. Their will
and their ways are moulded by Him:
Php 2:13 (NIV) for it is God who works in you to will
and to act according to his good purpose.
As the apostle Paul said to the Athenian philosophers, quoting
one of their own poets, "in Him we live and move and have
our being" (Acts 17:28).
There are many examples in the Scriptures where the Spirit of
God came upon individuals who were then empowered to execute the
will of God. Let us note just a few more of them:
1Sa 10:6,10 (NIV) "The Spirit of the LORD will come
upon you in power [Samuel said to Saul], and you will prophesy
with them; and you will be changed into a different person."
10 When they arrived at Gibeah, a procession of prophets met
him; the Spirit of God came upon him [Saul] in power, and he joined
in their prophesying [involuntarily, it would seem!].
The Spirit of God impacts even evil men in this fashion:
Nu 24:2 And Balaam raised his eyes, and saw Israel encamped
according to their tribes; and the Spirit of God came upon him
[causing him to utter his oracles of God's blessing upon Israel,
whereas he intended originally to curse them].
Nu 23:5,16 simply say that "the LORD put a message in his
mouth". 1Sa 19:20-24 and Jn 11:49-51 are two other examples
of unworthy men prophesying.
The apostles, commissioned personally by Christ, were directly
given inspired gifts in preparation for the important rule they
were to play in the early Church:
Mt 10:1,8 He called his twelve disciples to him and gave
them authority to drive out evil spirits and to heal every disease
and sickness.
8 Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse those who have leprosy,
drive out demons. Freely you have received, freely give.
One called by God for special service to Him is equipped by Him
with the gifts or talents necessary to carry out His will. This
also applies to the Church. As James tells us, God is the Author
of "every good and perfect gift" (Jas 1:17) whose divine
power, Peter adds, "has given to us all things that pertain
to life and godliness" (2 Pet 1:3).
Yet before we consider in some depth the nature of spiritual gifts
in the Church, let us keep in mind Paul's importantand soberingstatement:
Ro 11:29 For the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable.
The immutable God does not take back a gift or cancel a summons!
What are the implications of this for us, members of the Body
of Christ, today?
SPIRITUAL GIFTS AND THE CHURCH
We all have the responsibility to participate in the building
up of the Church:
Eph 4:15-16 (NIV) Instead, speaking the truth in love
[truth must be spoken in love, let us note!], we will [we must]
in all things grow up into him who is the Head, that is, Christ.
16 from whom the whole body, joined [Paul uses an architectural
metaphor to portray the harmony that this process should produce]
and knit together [as a human body is by ligaments and joints;
there is a solidity] by what every joint supplies [it's
definitely not a one-man show!], according to the effective working
by which every part does its share, causes growth of the
body for the edifying of itself in love.
When each part of the body is working properly, the head will
see by its overall control that the whole organism develops correctly.
The unity of the Church of God is provided by the sum total of
its members, bound by the Spirit of God and bonded by love. It
is a unity through diversity. The various members each contribute
to the whole, just like the diverse members of the human body,
until the organism reaches spiritual maturity.
So let us examine the role of spiritual gifts in this process.
To illustrate the importance of understanding the role of gifts
imparted to members of the Body of the Church, Paul then loosely
quotes from Ps 68:18, painting an image of a victorious king,
typifying Jesus Christ, a triumphant warrior who is elevated to
his throne as he returns home with hosts of prisoners, receiving
gifts from the conquered peoples, and issuing gifts to his followers:
Eph 4:8 (NIV) This is why it says: "When he ascended
on high, he led captives in his train and gave gifts to men."
The Church is the recipient of gifts from the ascended Christ,
as part of the endowment of the promised Holy Spirit. Paul then
goes on to list some of these specific gifts, in this case those
most directly and immediately related to the building up of the
Church. It has been the practice of many to define these as "offices",
yet let us examine them more closely:
Eph 4:11-13 And He Himself gave [so these gifts are directly
allotted through Christ Himself] some to be apostles [upon whom,
along with the prophets, the Church is established (Eph 2:20);
in its fullest sense, the special gift and function of apostleship
was the proclamation or preaching of the Gospel (Acts 6:2; 1Co
1:17; Gal 2:7-8)], some prophets [those inspired to proclaim and
reveal the truth of God], some evangelists [preaching missionaries,
through whose efforts people became followers of Christ; see Acts
21:8; 1Co 1:17], and some pastors [Gk: "shepherds"those
who provide pastoral care for the flock of God; elsewhere called
"elders" or "bishops"] and teachers [Paul
groups pastors and teachers together, no doubt because a pastor
should be able to teach], 12 for the equipping of the saints
for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ.
Paul then describes the end result of the process of maturation
which the Church can and should go through:
13 till we all come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge
of the Son of God [a full acquaintance with the mind of Christ,
if you like], to a perfect man, to the measure of the stature
of the fullness of Christ.
The body, the recipient of these divine gifts, grows by co-operation
under the control and guidance of the Head, Jesus Christ.
In 1Corinthians 12, and elsewhere when spiritual gifts are being
discussed, the Greek word charisma, in its plural form,
denotes the special gifts imparted by the Spirit of God to Christians
for service to the body of the Church. Paul revisits some of what
he has explained in his letter to the Ephesians:
1Co 12:28 (NIV) And in the church God has appointed
first of all apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then workers
of miracles, also those having gifts of healing, those able to
help others [suggestive of helping particularly the weak and needy],
those with gifts of administration, and those speaking in different
kinds of tongues.
So the "offices" delineated by Paul in the verses in
Ephesians, above, are in fact gifts. The officer in the
Church officiates by reason of his gifts, these spiritual gifts
linked with the grace of God extended to His people, as we are
told:
1Co 12:4-11 (NIV) There are different kinds [or "apportionings"]
of gifts [Gk: charisma; charismata: gifts as
an expression of the divine grace], but the same Spirit [so,
again, in respect to the Church, all gifts, including the charismata,
the special gifts, are of the Spirit]. 5 There are different
kinds of service, but the same Lord. 6 There are different kinds
of working [Gk: how the gift is energized] but the same God works
all of them in all men [every believer is given a gift].
7 Now to each one the manifestation of the Spirit is given for
the common good [so every gift is essential for the welfare of
the Body]. 8 To one there is given through the Spirit the message
of wisdom [perhaps spiritual insight], to another the message
of knowledge [a deeper understanding say, of Christian principles;
for, in one sense, "we all have knowledge" (1Co 1:8)]
by means of the same Spirit, 9 to another faith [perhaps of the
type that can 'move mountains'(Mt 17:20)] by the same Spirit,
to another gifts of healing by that one Spirit, 10 to another
miraculous powers, to another prophecy, to another distinguishing
between spirits, to another speaking in different kinds of tongues,
and to still another the interpretation of tongues. 11 All these
are the work of one and the same Spirit, and he gives them to
each one, just as he determines.
To be sure, some of these gifts enumerated are essential to the
spiritual life of every Christian, for instance faith (1Co 12:9),
or the giving and mercy mentioned in Ro 12:8, which we will shortly
note; yet some are more endowed with these gifts than others,
as we no doubt understand.
It is also most interesting and pertinent, given our Church of
God background, that in enumerating some of the functions of the
various members of the Body, Paul makes no hard and fast distinction
between ministries that people might be inclined to label "clerical"
and those they might consider "lay". To recap, from
Eph 4:12 (NIV): all these giftsthese charismataare given
us "to prepare God's people for works of service, so that
the body of Christ may be built up"
CHARISMATA
Let us briefly focus in on some of these spiritual gifts enumerated
to the Church by the apostle Paul:
- Prophecy and Prophesizing (Ro 12:6; 1Co 12:10,28,29)
We no doubt recall that when the Scriptures speak of prophesizing,
what is generally meant is inspired speaking. Revelations are
of course not excluded, and rarely do we find in the New Testament
predictions of the future (Acts 11:28; 21:10-11). As far as we
know there are no prophets extant today.
That the exercise of this gift also includes exhortation, or encouragement
(see Ro 12:8), is also indicated by the Scriptures:
1Co 14:3 (NIV) But everyone who prophesies speaks to men
for their strengthening, encouragement and comfort.
In Acts 2:16-18, Peter explained to the astounded crowd present
on that Day of Pentecost that the outpouring of the Spirit upon
the Church was a partial fulfillment of the prophecy of Joel (Joel
2:28-28) which spoke of sons and daughters prophesizing. So this
gift of prophecy was made available to the Church as a whole,
but in special measure to certain individuals who were distinctively
known as prophets. Similarly today, not every single member of
the Body prophesizes.
Notice how those endowed with this gift were to serve the Corinthian
Church; the pattern is surely one to be emulated by any Church
which God richly gifts in this manner:
1Co 14:29-33 (NIV) Two or three prophets should speak (in
turnverse 31), and the others (others with this gift, but no
doubt the entire congregation as well, certainly those with the
gift of discernment) should weigh carefully what is said. 30
And if a revelation comes to someone who is sitting down, the
first speaker should stop. 31 For you can all prophesy in turn
so that everyone may be instructed and encouraged. 32 The spirits
of prophets are subject to the control of prophets. 33 For God
is not a God of disorder but of peace.
He who has this gift of inspired speaking uses it both to instruct
and to encourage, even as all that is said and done is to edify
the collective Body. And notions of infallibility have no place
in the Church of God! What is spoken to the people of God must
always be validated. Given these dynamics at work in the early
apostolic Church, what would have happened, do you think, if a
spirit of error were to manifest itself in the words of one of
these speakers?
1Jn 4:1 Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test
the spirits, whether they are of God; because many false prophets
have gone out into the world.
False prophets also claim to be the possessors of the gifts of
the Spirit, do they not?
- The Discerning of Spirits (1Co 12:10; 14:29)
Associated with the gift of prophecy, or inspired speaking, the
speaker was to be judged on the truth of his words by the spiritual
discernment of those who heard him, as we have noted. Notice what
Paul enjoined upon the Church in Thessalonika:
1Th 5:20-21 (NRSV) Do not despise the words of prophets,
21 but test everything [by means of this gift of spiritual discernment];
hold fast to what is good.
It has been part and parcel of the history of the true Church
that false prophets have co-existed with true prophets, and that
the spirit of truth has been at work amidst spirits of error.
The words of the prophets are to be proved, or tested. We all
have this responsibility, and more so those gifted with this ability
to spiritually discern, with the mind of Jesus Christ:
1Co 2:14-16 (NRSV) Those who are unspiritual do not receive
the gifts of God's Spirit [prophecy being one of those gifts],
for they are foolishness to them, and they are unable to understand
them because they are spiritually discerned. 15 Those who are
spiritual discern [make correct spiritual judgments about] all
things, and they are themselves subject to no one else's scrutiny.
16 "For who has known the mind of the Lord so as to instruct
him?" But we have the mind of Christ.
- Tongues and their interpretation (1Co 12:10)
These come at the end of Paul's list although their use was probably
the most prized in the Corinthian Church. This was a supernatural
gift and therefore does not in the main seem to refer to human
languages, but rather to an ecstatic experience granted to some;
a miraculous spiritual language for communion with God. The plural
"kinds" of tongues (1Co 12:10) points to considerable
variation within this experience.
1Co 14:2,5,13 For he who speaks in a tongue does not speak
to men but to God, for no one understands him; however, in the
spirit he speaks mysteries.
Some speakers could also interpret the tongues:
5 I wish you all spoke with tongues, but even more that you prophesied;
for he who prophesies is greater than he who speaks with tongues,
unless indeed he interprets, that the church may receive edification.
13 Therefore let him who speaks in a tongue pray that he may
interpret.
- Teaching (Ro 12:7; 1Co 12:28).
We noted that Eph 4:11 closely linked teachers with pastors, yet
we are all teachers to varying degrees, as the writer of the Book
of Hebrews points out:
Heb 5:12 For though by this time you ought to be teachers,
you need someone to teach you again the first principles of the
oracles [or the very Words] of God; and you have come to need
milk and not solid food.
- Administration or leadership (Ro 12:8, 1Co 12:28)
The Greek for the word "administration" in 1Co 12:28
suggests the idea of piloting a boat; steermanship in the Church
is a gift of God. Some are blessed with the ability to offer wise
counsel; in its fullest form this is exemplified in the ministry
of elders, those in whom this gift has been attested to.
- The ability to help others (1Co 12:28)
Paul exhorted the elders of Ephesus to follow his example in helping
the weak:
Acts 20:35 "I have shown you in every way, by laboring
like this, that you must support the weak. And remember the words
of the Lord Jesus, that He said, 'It is more blessed to give than
to receive.'"
We understand that the apostles and others of prominence in the
early apostolic Church were granted this gift (Acts 3:7; 5:12-16;
8:7; 19:12; 28:8). James (Jas 5:14-16) refers to a ministry of
healing. Yet in these verses Paul actually speaks of special gifts
of healings, perhaps in reference to a diversity of ailments
miraculously healed, granted to ordinary members in the Church.
Given this diversity of spiritual gifts which God has bestowed
in the past, and wants to continue to bestow on His Church, what
is our role and our responsibility in regard to what God has granted
us?
SPIRITUAL GIFTS AND CHRISTIAN RESPONSIBILITY
Let us consider a little further these gifts given to the Church
by the grace of God. While we may not personally be endowed with
some of the dramatic gifts granted to the early Churchindeed,
we may safely state that, at least on the surface, there seems
to have been a paucity of spiritual gifts in recent Church of
God historyhow do we use what God has granted us? We each have
a responsibility, for we have each been allotted a gift or gifts
according to the grace of God. Let us note again in Ephesians
4:
Eph 4:4-7 (NIV) There is one body and one Spiritjust as
you were called to one hope when you were called5 one Lord,
one faith, one baptism; 6 one God and Father of all, who is over
all and through all and in all. 7 But to each one of us grace
[and the gifts of this grace] has been given as Christ apportioned
it.
How then do we measure and use our gifts?
Ro 12:6-8 Having then gifts differing according to the
grace that is given to us, let us use them: if prophecy, let us
prophesy in proportion to our faith; 7 or ministry [and/or service],
let us use it in our ministering; he who teaches, in teaching;
8 he who exhorts, in exhortation; he who gives, with liberality;
he who leads, with diligence; he who shows mercy, with cheerfulness.
The Church is told quite definitively by the apostle that if its
members are indeed the recipients of gifts of the Holy Spirit
they are to "use them"not hide them away under a bushel!
We are responsible with our gift, whatever it may beserving,
teaching, encouraging, giving, leadership, etcto make a contribution
to the whole Church, to help build it up. The apostle Peter likewise
emphasizes this point:
1Pe 4:10-11 (NRSV) Like good stewards of the manifold
grace of God, serve one another with whatever gift each of you
has received. 11 Whoever speaks must do so as one speaking the
very words of God [you take it very seriously!]; whoever serves
must do so with the strength that God supplies, so that God may
be glorified in all things through Jesus Christ. To him belong
the glory and the power forever and ever. Amen.
The Spirit of God is a Spirit of power and self-discipline, not
a Spirit of timidity that recoils from its responsibilities:
2Ti 1:7 For God has not given us a spirit of fear, but
of power and of love and of a sound mind.
We can note the exemplary attitude of Paul towards this end:
Ro 1:11-12 For I long to see you, that I may impart to
you [or "share with you", more accurately translated]
some spiritual gift, so that you may be established.
He then explains that the exercise of these gifts confirms Christians
in their faith:
12 that is, that I may be encouraged together with you by the
mutual faith both of you and me.
It is part of the process of mutual edification of the Body to
which we must all contribute.
- Contribute decently and in order
Let us consider for a moment the dynamics of worship in the Corinthian
Church:
1Co 14:26 (NIV) What then shall we say, brothers? When
you come together, everyone has a hymn [see Eph 5:19: these hymns
and spiritual songs to God also had a didactic valuethat
is, they were a means through which godly instruction was imparted],
or a word of instruction (or a lesson), a revelation, a
tongue or an interpretation. All of these must be done for the
strengthening of the church.
It does not necessarily mean that everyone present would have
participated; rather, the indication is that these spiritual gifts
were generally distributed throughout the Church. In the Greek,
the verb "to have" is repeated with each gift and is
possibly suggestive of the individual possession of specific gifts.
It is very obvious when examining what the Scriptures have to
say about the use of these gifts of the Holy Spirit that their
exercise would need to be carried out in an orderly manner, especially
in a Church richly gifted, as was Corinth. Each individual comes
prepared to contribute, yet equally ready to remain silent as
the need becomes evident, as Paul illustrates in his instructions
to the Church in regard to the speaking and interpretation of
tongues:
1Co 14:27-28 (NIV) If anyone speaks in a tongue, twoor
at the most threeshould speak, one at a time, and someone must
interpret. 28 If there is no interpreter, the speaker should
keep quiet in the church and speak to himself and God.
As with the other charismata, the exercise of the gift
of tongues was to be under the immediate control of the speaker.
1Co 14:39-40 (NIV) Therefore, brethren, desire earnestly
to prophesy, and do not forbid to speak with tongues. 40 Let
all things be done decently and in order.
Whatever our gifts today may belistening, teaching, preaching,
serving, encouraging, discernment, offering hospitality, extending
kindnesstheir exercise is subject to the same conditions.
- Assess our gifts realistically
Ro 12:3-5 For I say, through the grace given to me, to
everyone who is among you, not to think of himself more highly
than he ought to think [Paul is addressing the subject of spiritual
gifts, remember], but to think soberly, as God has dealt
to each one a measure of faith. 4 For as we have many members
in one body, but all the members do not have the same function,
5 so we, being many, are one body in Christ, and individually
members of one another [NIV: each member belongs to all the
others].
So in the context of spiritual gifts among the members of the
Body of Christ, comes this admonition to each member to think
soberly, or sensibly, with soundness of judgment, in accordance
with the measure of faith assigned to him or her, for this is
the standard by which we measure ourselves. In Ro 12:6 we were
told, for instance, that the gift of prophesizing can only be
used as God would have it used in proportion to one's faith. An
exaggerated view of one's own importance must give way to a sensible
estimate of one's position, and of one's gifts, Paul is telling
the Church in Rome, and us today. We may not have the gift we
think we possess. Has the exercise of our "gift" edified
the Body?
Of course, we may indeed possess a gift we are totally unaware
of. The onus is on each of us to realistically assess our faith,
and the gifts which the grace of God has bestowed upon us.
Among some in the Church of God fellowships today where hierarchical
structure has been dispensed with there is the tendency to now
go to the opposite extreme and assume a full equality of spiritual
gifts, such as the gift of teaching. This notionthat we are all
equally teachershas led and continues to lead to the breakdown
of many of what has come to be called a house church, or home
fellowship, as what generally prevails in such an atmosphere is
not sound doctrine, but rather the dominant personality. Let us
notice again what the apostle Paul taught the Church:
1Co 12:14-17 (NIV) Now the body is not made up of one
part but of many [and the body's diversity is essential for its
existence]. 15 If the foot should say, "Because I am not
a hand, I do not belong to the body," it would not for that
reason cease to be part of the body [you can't opt out of the
body on the grounds of dissatisfaction, or jealousy for a 'higher'
gift]. 16 And if the ear should say, "Because I am not an
eye ["because I do not have a more spectacular gift"],
I do not belong to the body," it would not for that reason
cease to be part of the body. 17 If the whole body were an eye,
where would the sense of hearing be [or we can say, "If everyone
were to teach publicly, who would be left to be taught?]? If the
whole body were an ear, where would the sense of smell be?
God has given us a particular gift and put us into the Church
where He wants us. Every gift, used as God has assigned it, is
needed for the proper functioning of the Body. The Church is whole
when each member functions according to his or her place in the
Body and according to his or her gift; this is a call for all
of us to realistically assess our position and role in the Body
of Christ:
1Co 12:18-26 But in fact God has arranged the parts in
the body, every one of them, just as he wanted them to be [our
function in the Church is a result of the divine plan]. 19 If
they were all one part, where would the body be [the body would
be deformed, would it not?]? 20 As it is, there are many parts,
but one body. 21 The eye cannot say to the hand, "I don't
need you!" And the head cannot say to the feet, "I don't
need you!" 22 On the contrary, those parts of the body that
seem to be weaker [they only seem to be weaker; some people
may think they have little to contribute, but God says the reverse
is true] are indispensable, 23 and the parts that we think are
less honorable we treat with special honor. And the parts that
are unpresentable are treated with special modesty, 24 while
our presentable parts need no special treatment. But God has combined
the members of the body and has given greater honor to the parts
that lacked it [God's sovereign choice is matched by His tender
care, which we should emulate], 25 so that there should be no
division in the body, but that its parts should have equal concern
for each other. 26 If one part suffers, every part suffers with
it; if one part is honored, every part rejoices with it [whether
in suffering or in rejoicing, the people of God are to 'feel with'
one another].
Now of course all this does not disallow the all-too-frequent
reality that time is needed for all of us to fully discover and
develop the gift that the grace of God has bestowed upon us. Which
brings us to the next point.
- Do not neglect our gifts, but rather develop and further perfect
them.
Paul's admonition to Timothy is applicable to each one of us:
1Ti 4:13-14 Until I come, devote yourself to the public
reading of Scripture, to preaching and to teaching. 14 Do not
neglect your gift, which was given you through a prophetic message
when the body of elders laid their hands on you.
This is the stark warning contained in Christ's parable of the
talents:
Mt 25:14-29 "For the kingdom of heaven is like a
man traveling to a far country, who called his own servants and
delivered his goods to them. 15 And to one he gave five talents
[abilities, or gifts; here we have the origin of our present-day
use of the word "talent"], to another two, and to another
one, to each according to his own ability [we are initially
given only what we are capable of handling]; and immediately he
went on a journey. 16 Then he who had received the five talents
went and traded with them, and made another five talents [as we
use and develop our talentsour giftswe will acquire the capacity
to handle more. 17 And likewise he who had received two gained
two more also. 18 But he who had received one went and dug in
the ground, and hid his lord's money [he chose to neglect his
gift completely]. 19 After a long time the lord of those servants
came and settled accounts with them. 20 So he who had received
five talents came and brought five other talents, saying, 'Lord,
you delivered to me five talents; look, I have gained five more
talents besides them.' 21 His lord said to him, 'Well done, good
and faithful servant; you were faithful over a few things, I will
make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.'
22 He also who had received two talents came and said, 'Lord,
you delivered to me two talents; look, I have gained two more
talents besides them.' 23 His lord said to him, 'Well done, good
and faithful servant; you have been faithful over a few things,
I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of
your lord.' 24 Then he who had received the one talent came and
said, 'Lord, I knew you to be a hard man, reaping where you have
not sown, and gathering where you have not scattered seed. 25
And I was afraid, and went and hid your talent in the ground
[his false perception of his master and of what was demanded of
him was, at least in part, responsible for this neglect]. Look,
there you have what is yours [is God going to be satisfied if
we return to Him no more than He gave us in the first place?].'
26 But his lord answered and said to him, 'You wicked and lazy
servant, you knew that I reap where I have not sown, and gather
where I have not scattered seed [it is very interesting that Christ,
at this juncture, does not bother even to clear up his misperceptions].
27 So [if you indeed thought this] you ought [even more so] to
have deposited my money with the bankers, and at my coming I would
have received back my own with interest. 28 Therefore take the
talent from him [you can lose even the gift given you if you neglect
it], and give it to him who has ten talents. 29 For to everyone
who has, more will be given, and he will have abundance; but from
him who does not have, even what he has will be taken away.'"
It would surely behoove us then to ask: could we be hiding our
talent, failing to use our spiritual gift? The Spirit that so
dramatically changed King Saul, as we noted earlier on, eventually
departed from him, leaving him spiritually destitute. Could this
ever happen to us?
- Do not allow our gifts to divide us
These gifts are in accordance with the grace given each of us
by God, who has allocated different functions to different spiritual
limbs in the Body of Christ. Each one of us has his gift from
God and, while we may have similar gifts and should be assessing
and developing all our gifts and talents, let us not allow our
gifts, or the pursuit of them, to be a stumbling-block to us or
to others of our brethren. As Paul wrote to the Corinthians who
were beset with divisions and factionalism:
1Co 3:5 (NRSV) What then is Apollos? What is Paul? ["Who
and what are we that you should be so divided over us?"]
Servants [Gk: diakonos, a word denoting active service]
through whom you came to believe, as the Lord assigned to each.
The role of ministering is something granted by the Lord the His
servants, in this case to Paul and Apollos. The gifts people possess
have been assigned to them by God, so there is no place for competition,
no reason for boasting or self-aggrandizement, nor should this
reality be a cause for division. And the more gifted we are, the
more we should heed these admonitions:
1Co 4:7 (NIV) For who makes you different from anyone else?
[NEB: Who makes you, my friend, so important?] What do you have
[and we can here include the gifts of the Spirit] that you did
not receive [and the grace of God, and gifts of the Spirit, have
been freely given to us all]? And if you did receive it [and it's
evident that you did], why do you boast as though you did not?
Jas 3:1 (NIV) Not many of you should presume to be teachers
[the Greek literally means "Stop becoming many teachers (so
many of you)"; the call is for wise and competent teachers],
my brothers, because you know that we who teach will be judged
more strictly.
The greater the light the greater the responsibility. Let us then
be mindful of our responsibilities as we reflect upon the gifts
graciously granted to each of us by God.
SPIRITUAL GIFTS IN PERSPECTIVE
The apostolic Church was the recipient of some awesome and dramatic
spiritual gifts (of course, not all spiritual gifts are of the
dramatic variety), tongues being a good example. So where are
all the gifts of the Spirit in the Church of God today? What is
a correct biblical perspective on the value and use of these spiritual
gifts?
Let us consider the words of the apostle Paul, again, to the Corinthians:
1Co 1:4-8 I thank my God always concerning you for the
grace of God which was given to you by Christ Jesus, 5 that you
were enriched in everything by Him in all utterance and all knowledge,
6 even as the testimony of Christ was confirmed in you, 7 so
that you come short in no gift [an amazing testimony to the graciousness
of God towards this Church], eagerly waiting for the revelation
of our Lord Jesus Christ, 8 who will also confirm you to the
end, that you may be blameless in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Yet the Corinthians, endowed with so many spiritual gifts, lagged
behind in the grace of giving; Paul gently encouraged them:
2Co 8:7 (NIV) But just as you excel in everythingin faith,
in speech, in knowledge [the sort of speaking and knowledge described
as gifts of the Spirit in 1Co 12:8, as we have noted], in complete
earnestness and in your love for ussee that you also excel in
this grace of giving.
This gift is one that we all can improve on, is it not? And the
following criterion also applies to us:
1Co 14:12 (NIV) Since you are eager to have spiritual gifts,
try to excel [so personal effort is not precluded; these gifts
can atrophy and die] in gifts that build up the church.
Because the Spirit of God worked mightily in the Corinthian Church,
endowing its members with an abundance of spiritual gifts, the
human tendency may well have been to be intemperate, to focus
on the outward manifestations of these gifts, to boast. Hence
the apostle felt the need to emphasis that spiritual growth and
the edification of the Church is the true aim of all spiritual
endowments. It is a commendable thing to desire spiritual gifts,
but the motive is crucial: not puffing up the self, but by love
building up the Church.
1Co 12:29-31 (NIV) 29 Are all apostles? Are all prophets?
Are all teachers? Do all work miracles? 30 Do all have gifts
of healing? Do all speak in tongues ? Do all interpret [should
we all expect everyone to have the same gift? Obviously not]?
31 But eagerly desire the greater gifts [that is, the higher
gifts from higher motives]. And now I will show you the most excellent
way.
Paul then expounds upon this most, or still more excellent way:
1Co 13:1-2 Though I speak with the tongues of men and
of angels, but have not love, I have become sounding brass or
a clanging cymbal. 2 And though I have the gift of prophecy,
and understand all mysteries and all knowledge, and though I have
all faith, so that I could remove mountains [in other words, a
diversity of spiritual gifts], but have not love, I am nothing.
Godly lovea fruit of the Spirit (Gal 5:22) as opposed
to a giftsurpasses all the charismata. No spiritual
gift can compensate for a lack of agape love. Do we then cease
to pursue these gifts of the Spirit to pursue love?
1Co 14:1 Pursue love, and [at the same time] desire spiritual
gifts, but especially that you may prophesy [the gift of prophecy].
What is Paul's point? Simply that these spiritual gifts are not
to be neglected but are rather to be exercised in and through
love; without love they would become objects for dissention, as
evidenced in Corinth. Love is "the most excellent way"
in which to seek these higher gifts.
So let us pursue these gifts of the Spirit of God in
love, never forgetting that for the spiritual gifts with which
the grace of God has endowed us, the credit always belongs to
the great Giver and not to the gifted.