EARTH AND ENVIRONMENT
What the Bible says to Christians about our Environment
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION AND PRINCIPLES
©  Orest Solyma  
The Church of God in Williamstown
WEB SITE: http://www.alphalink.com.au/~sanhub/index_.htm

The books, magazines, journals, articles, television and radio programmes that spotlight the world's environmental problems and global ecological issues are seemingly endless. The ever-growing Internet reveals sites whose concerns are universal, very informative, urgent and collaborative. Though the efforts to inform the public, governments, corporations, and other bodies questionably capable of taking appropriate action seem readily available in the Western world, the will to do what could be done is lacking, nor are the practical efforts particularly encouraging.

When the Earth Summit closed its June, 1997, session in New York the U.N. General Assembly president said that 'the 173 participating nations are at the mercy of special interests and lack the "political will to tackle critical issues" as set out at the 1992 Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit.' Likewise, the Kyoto Summit, scheduled for December, 1997, will not bring encouraging results, perhaps excepting well-managed propaganda.

UNIVERSAL QUESTIONS: ANSWERS THAT MUST BE GIVEN
What should be the Christian perspective, a perspective that results in good fruits, with respect to immediate and global environmental issues? One of the finest pieces of information I have come across is from the Millennium Institute, headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, USA, whose president is Gerald Barney. He was director of the Global 2000 Report in 1980 for US President Jimmy Carter. He wrote the following in an article entitled: Global 2000 Revisited: The Role of Faith Traditions. It is probably deliberate that he chose his words 'faith traditions' on the basis of personal belief that the Bible does not answer the hard questions he asks. Nor do more than 20,000 groups, sects, cults, denominations professing Christianity seem to offer answers convincing enough to cause large-scale solutions.

This and two subsequent papers will show, from the Scriptures, that mankind will not co-operate on these global issues. In fact the developing international culture precludes viable answers. In consequence the monster-like machinery that is driving the global political/economic/cultural ideologies has apocalyptic end results.

The Western world's dominant system of belief, purportedly Christian, is apparently based on the syncretism of various traditions (Judaic, ante-Nicene, the Cappadocian Fathers, Augustine, et al), and evolving interpretations of Scriptures (e.g., neo-Platonic, anti-Judaic, mystical, anti-apocalyptic).

Gerald Barney asks: We humans have begun asking questions about "sustainable development." This is an important question, but it does not go deep enough. We must also begin asking questions about "sustainable faith." Agreed. Such questions need answers. Does your faith withstand questioning? Is your faith defined as the Faith of the biblical patriarchs, prophets, apostles, and Jesus Christ (Mt 4:4; Eph 2:20; Is 8:20; Rev 12:17)?

Is there a faith tradition in existence today that is practicing a way of life that provides "progress" for the whole community of life, not just the human species? Is there a faith tradition such that if everyone on Earth suddenly adopted it, the human future on Earth would be assured? Are we of the Faith that God wants everybody to be a part of (1Tim 2:4; 2Pet 3:9; Tit 2:11-4)? What would happen if we all were? Would that be the answer?

I do not know enough about the faith traditions of the world to provide a well-considered answer to this question, but on the basis of my limited personal experience, I doubt that there is a faith tradition on Earth today that can provide the moral foundation needed for the 21st century. Does each of us have moral and sound philosophic foundations that withstand every assault and give good, enduring answers to vital questions (Job 38:1-8; 40:6-8; 1Pet 3:15)?

Specifically, I do not believe my own faith, Christianity, is a sustainable faith -- at least not as it is generally understood and practiced. The Bible, especially the New Testament, is a weak document on the subject of mutually enhancing human-Earth relations.

The Bible, including its relationship precepts, is too often misunderstood because the nature of God is not understood (Jn 17:3; Ex 19:4-6; Rev 1:6; see also: Gal 4:8; 1Thess 4:5; Ps 18:31,32; 79:6; Is 45:4,5; Jer 4:22; 9:3; 10:25; Hos 4:1; Rom 1:18-25). This series will show that idolatry so persistently described in Scripture applies today. The dogma of the Trinity, evolved from the Council of Nicaea of 325 A.D., is biblically insupportable, logically absurd, philosophically untenable and is the basis for much irrationality [e.g., "God died on the cross", yet 'God cannot die'] with consequent Biblical exposition that misrepresents God's teachings.

Admittedly, there are a few scattered texts in the Bible (especially the Old Testament) that suggest "stewardship" of resources and concern for the land. There are in fact many texts - as this series will amply illustrate - that give God's views on the subject! I will show that OT and NT are mutually consistent.

But if gathered together, such texts would scarcely cover a single page of the Bible. We will see that the Bible has much to say on this! There is no unequivocal commandment, "Thou shalt not destroy Earth." What does Rev 11:18 say as Gerald Barney just cited? Furthermore, the only biblical guidance on the stewardship of the gift of human fertility is: "Be fruitful and multiply" (Gen. 1:28), and such limited and inappropriate guidance on this critical matter is not adequate for a sustainable faith. The sacred texts (the Bible) are misunderstood, misinterpreted, corrupted, misrepresented. Events will bear this out.

To make matters worse, the institutional manifestations of Christianity have shown little or no serious interest in a mutually enhancing human-Earth relationship. With perhaps a few exceptions, churches are not prime examples of excellent stewardship of resources; they are generally as wasteful and environmentally thoughtless as any other human institution. How wasteful, thoughtless, neglectful is each of us with respect to the use of resources such as plastics, paper, water, electricity, and petrol? Self-evidently, these are personal responsibilities.

Why is this? The God I know cares a great deal about Earth and is not at all pleased with what we humans are doing to Earth and to each other. Why then is the sacred text of my faith such a weak source of inspiration and guidance on caring for Earth and on the stewardship of the gift of human fertility? The Bible is a superb source for guidelines to the care of the earth, but this is nevertheless a very good and challenging question.

NEW REVELATIONS
The God I know is still speaking, and there have been at least four new revelations.

First, it has been revealed that among the most destructive forces on Earth today is hatred between the followers of different faith traditions. Of the fifty plus armed conflicts in progress currently, the majority are motivated in significant part by hatred of the followers of one faith for the followers of another faith. The arms industry - the largest industry in the world, larger even than illegal drugs and oil - is supported in significant part by the hatred of the followers of one faith for the followers of another faith.

Stories of interreligious hatred and violence are found on page after page of our history books and now almost daily in our newspapers. There are so many that it takes an extraordinary one to catch our attention. An extraordinary one appeared recently in the National Catholic Reporter under the headline "Torture, Rape, Murder Outlaw Love in Bosnia:"

You ask me my name? So the entire world can witness my shame? Just write: female Muslim, 35 years old, professor of literature. As for my newborn son, I have simply given him the name Jihad ('Holy War'). The first time I ever nursed him I said, "If you ever forget, may this milk curse you, so help me God."

The Serbians have taught me to hate. For the last two months, within me I have only hatred, no pain or bitterness. Emptiness.

Not so long ago I taught my students only love. But my Serbian neighbor's only son, Zoran, who was also my pupil, urinated in my mouth. While wild-bearded vagabonds were roaring with laughter, Zoran told me: "You are good for nothing, you stinking Muslim woman."

I don't recall if I heard a scream or felt a blow to my body. This colleague, a physics professor who yelled like a maniac at me, began to beat me continuously. My mouth filled with blood. .....

You ask what they have done. They raped my mother before my eyes, my good-beyond-beautiful old mother.

How should a Christian feel? What should a Christian think in terms of prayer and action in hearing of such atrocities? Such situations reveal the moral cowardice in leadership and UN troops, which after all are "following orders" from higher up. Have I heard that in recent history?

The second revelation comes from a meditation on Earth that has been continuing for about 1500 years, a meditation we usually call "science." From this meditation we (think we) know that Earth is the product of a 15-billion year journey from the first burst of creative energy. Like most intellectuals Gerald Barney has an evolutionary perspective of life and this earth. Evolution, as generally understood, denies the Creator God [Is 40:28; Mal 2:10; Eph 3:9; Rev 4:11].

A third revelation derives in part from the second: we know now that the characterisations of man and woman, male and female, in the origin stories and traditions of many faiths are factually wrong and socially destructive. True. Who has given us an accurate and logical explanation for Gn 3:15,16? Where have we heard a logical and coherent exposition of the great significance of these verses. They speak of the Church and not pregnant women having difficulty in delivery. They speak of civilisations having social mores that oppress women. And they speak of the death of the Redeemer, His resurrection, and the ultimate crushing of the power of Satan, the instigator of institutionalized evils [Eph 6:12; Rom 16:20; see also 1Tim 2:15 cf. Gn 3:16].

The fourth revelation is that we humans have become co-creators of the future with the Divine. We humans - not as individuals, but as a species - will exercise an enormous influence on the future of Earth. Five billion of us individual humans, both poor and affluent, are acting today in ways that are destroying the life-sustaining capabilities of Earth and thereby destroying our own prospects. There is little question that we humans can destroy our species and many others with us. We can create an Earth future without humans. Now, nothing survives - no person, no species, no lake, no river, no ocean, no forest, no soil, no mountain, not even the atmosphere - unless we humans will it to survive. No efforts of mankind, without the true God's input, will bring global resolutions to man's and earth's dilemmas, which the Bible reveals.

This fourth revelation is of some considerable import, but to my knowledge, no faith tradition has prepared us for it. No faith anticipated the development of human power over Earth's future, this enormous responsibility. To my knowledge, no faith tradition has prepared us to know ourselves not as individuals but as a species. To my knowledge, no faith tradition has provided moral precepts to guide inter-species behavior, to decide which species should cease to exist, to understand which new species should be created through genetic engineering (and then patented)...

These are fundamentally spiritual questions, and they are being raised openly today in many communities, by scientists and economists, by philosophers and theologians, by historians and anthropologists, by religious and secular leaders alike. Such questions are in the hearts of ordinary men and women who wonder about the future for all life and wonder how to answer their children's questions. Without the knowledge of the true God true answers and wholesome solutions can not be forthcoming. The true God describes the nature and outcome of all relationships!

WHAT SHALL WE DO?

    1. What are the traditional teachings - and the range of other opinions - within your faith on how to meet the legitimate needs of the growing human community without destroying the ability of Earth to support the community of all life?
    a. How does your faith tradition view the global trends that face us today? Does your faith tradition have people who monitor and understand global trends? How is information about global trends shared with the followers of your faith tradition?
    Each of us must look to making personal efforts we can make. We are judged by God on what we think, say, and do [Jer 17:10; Rev 2:23; Eccles 12:14].
    b. What does your faith tradition teach about how the needs of the poor and the wants of the rich are to be met as human numbers continue to grow? What trends and prospects do you see for the poor? What is the cause of poverty? Of greed?
    c. Does Earth exist for the human species to use in any way humans wish, independent of the welfare of other species?
    d. What does your faith tradition teach concerning the proper relationship between the human species and all other species? Can the concepts of justice, unity, and peace be extended beyond the human community to the whole community of life?
    e. What does your tradition teach about the taking of life? What does your tradition teach about humans killing humans? About humans killing members of other species - animals, plants? What teachings of your tradition might bear on the killing of all members of a species, the extinction of a species? What wisdom can you offer on the ethics of our species genetically modifying other species to create new races or even new species?
    f. There are also stories about abundance and fruitfulness of Earth and about human greed. What are human needs? When do needs become wants? How much is enough?
    2. What are the traditional teachings - and the range of other opinions - within your faith on the meaning of "progress" and how it is to be achieved?
    a. What dreams and hopes does your tradition inspire in young people?
    b. What does your faith tradition teach about the human destiny? Is the human destiny separable from that of Earth? Do we strive, learn, and prepare so that we shall make the earth an awesomely beautiful wonder to live in? He who is faithful in little things will be faithful in the greater responsibilities that will come his way [Lk 16:10; 19:17; Mt 25:21; 1Cor 4:2].
    c. What does your faith tradition teach about human nature? What human qualities (sinfulness, fate, karma, freedom, greed, imagination, creativity) either limit or enhance what is possible for the individual or for society? What does your tradition teach with respect to fate, freedom of will, choice, and human responsibility? Oh how poorly do most understand the freedom of choice God gives us [Gn 2:16,17; Dt 30:19,20; 31:29; 32:46,47]! Is there a limit to how good humans can be? Or to how evil we can be? Spirit-inspired understanding of the Scriptures answers these vital questions [1Cor 2:10-6].
    d. What does your tradition teach about the ethics and morality of war? Under what circumstances are nations justified in going to war, declared or undeclared? How does your faith tradition value enmity versus solidarity [Rm 8:7,8]?
    e. What does your faith tradition have to say about consumerism, about the manipulation and stimulation of desire, about advertising? Under what circumstances does one have enough?" The Bible says much about lust [1Jn 2:15-7; Gn 3:6; Gal 5:16,17].

    (ibid., pp 1-9; Internet site: http://www.igc.apc/millennium/g2000r/faiths.html)
THE ORIGINS OF PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY
Our belief system must be based on revelation by the Holy Spirit (1Cor 2:10-4). It's a priceless gift of the Almighty. By His Spirit He reveals precious truths, resolves gigantic problems, provides wisdom and clarity of discernment, gives realistic solutions. Let's consider what God tells us about our roles on this earth. God indicates that breeding to produce varieties is good. We observe that happening in nature and should heed that instruction from nature (Rm 1:20,21). We note that Jacob bred varieties of sheep (Gn 30:31-43). But we should also notice that breeding methods which produce varieties that are self-obsolescent should not be used. Such verses are invariably taken 'literally' and hence we lose the principles intended. It is my belief that the three examples here deal with the concept of planned obsolescence. Hybridisation, as in St. Bernards, and in numerous hybrid flowers and vegetables, is developed to such a degree that fertility diminishes, or is non-existent other than by laboratory means, or as with the dogs their hips break readily and they cannot mate naturally. Mixing cloth of incompatible fibre strengths and properties causes faster deterioration. In the case of cotton and wool, one fibre cuts the other. The Bible is not forbidding breeding or mixing of qualities, but doing things in such a way that deterioration is increased, i.e., planned obsolescence. Modern civilization feeds on anti-principles (law of the jungle). The Hebrew for subdue is kabash [SHD 3532; TWOT 951]. The word means to bring into bondage, keep under, force. The Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament has this to say: "'subdue' in Gn 1:28 implies that creation will not do man's bidding gladly or easily and that man must now bring creation into submission by main strength. It is not to rule man. However, there is a twistedness in humanity which causes us to perform such a task with fierce and destructive delight. Try as we might, we cannot subdue this. But it can be subdued and this is the promise of Mic 7:19."
The question to ask is: "How does God subdue our iniquities?" With love, mercy, incredible creativity, patience, consistent goodness! Can mankind then treat the creation differently to what God expects? Man does not do things as God would have them done, and is therefore bringing irreversible disaster upon the whole earth! Nature, created by God, has self-regulatory constraints on populations. Man, who has free choice, must take personal responsibility and self-regulate human population, and follow the cultural precepts and principles of Scripture.

People need to be taught to reject anti-biblical ethno/pseudo-religious cultural mores. This principle is also implicit in Rom 1:20: Since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead.

We are left in Gn 1:31 with the clear implication that whatever man does in the environment, when he steps back to view it, he too must be able to say: "The job is finished! It is wonderful, coherent, balanced, and with proper maintenance will produce only good." Whatever your hand finds to do - do with all your godly might (Eccles 9:10). This gives us a good idea of how God defines for us what subduing means. So man should look to God and study carefully the complex systems He established that cause us to awe and wonder as we observe such marvels of nature. Then whatever man does to nature must always maintain the glories that are evident in these balanced symbioses and ecological environments. When man fishes on a large scale the abundances must be maintained.

An example of gross error is the fishing patterns of the Taiwanese, Japanese, and others in the coastal waters of N.E. Australia. The giant triton (its flesh a delicacy to some), which feeds on millions of young eggs of the crown-of-thorns starfish, is fished off the sea-floor so that it is virtually non-existent in some reefs. With the prolific growth of the crown-of-thorns these creatures devour the life out of parts of the coral reefs. The corals disintegrate leaving a desert landscape on the sea-floor. Since this is controversial among scientists, please see this Internet site and others:

http://www.omnicom.com.au/charonia/aggreg.htm

God is a God of renewal, regeneration, restoration (Acts 2:19-21). So when man falters in his efforts, he must use all his creative efforts to restore the balances. Things can go wrong.
God intervenes, restores, recreates. Man must attempt to do likewise - according to the will of God. The principle of 'You shall love your neighbour as yourself' surely applies, and is a principle extended to the natural environment. It also applies to the next and future generations (1Tim 5:8). It is God's intent that man rejoice in all the works he does according to the Will of God [Eccles 3:11,12,22; 11:9,10].

Psalm 8 is cited in part in Hebrews 2:6-8. A considered reading of these verses shows that Jesus Christ will 'subdue' the earth and all that is in it (1Cor 15:28).

Though these verses refer primarily to Jesus Christ, there is applicable principle that man should not endanger such migratory patterns of fish - or of any migratory animal life. Whatever man decides to do he must consider the latter end of it and not destroy the patterns God has established [Dt 32:29 NKJ].
Mankind has a God-given responsibility to treat all the creation (i.e., all plant and animal life on land and sea; and this includes all peoples) as God wills [Mt 22:35-40; Lev 19:17,18,33-36].
God teaches personal responsibility, collective responsibility, and God gives the principle of international responsibility to a nation with superior powers and means to take greater responsibility for the well-being of humanity and the environments.

This is illustrated in the prophetic description given in Daniel 2 and is constantly upheld in other prophecies as will be shown.

. In today's world we have the World Bank, the IMF, the UNO and numerous other agencies of power under the direction of the USA. It is therefore a profound responsibility that the US has to lead, to support in every way possible all efforts to bring its powers, wealth, accessibility to the world's best resources to wisely and courageously resolve world problems. The manner in which this is done is to be according to the will of God. If not, then the US receives the greater condemnation from the Almighty and the entire earth suffers. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Some Current Internet Websites Providing Environmental Information:


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