INTRODUCTION: MY WORK SITUATION
Over the last 6 months or more, the company for which I work has
had its HR department and executive working on a new work-place
agreement to define the conditions under which it would now like
the staff to work.
The company's response has been to abolish the automatic accrual
of extra time. All extra hours have to be agreed to before they
can be counted towards accrued time. But there is also the need
to clarify overtime, which attracts a higher rate. So when do
extra hours count as overtime and when do they count as flextime?
Some other issues to be resolved include tea money and taxi vouchers.
If a person worked back for a couple of hours then he is entitled
to tea money. But should he receive this if he works just a few
minutes over 2 hours or should he have to work say, an hour over
two hours, before obtaining tea money? With taxi vouchers, the
reasoning is that if someone works back late for whatever reason,
then it may not be safe to travel on public transport. However,
it gets dark later in summer, so maybe there should be different
rules for taxi vouchers in summer as opposed to winter?
It seems that the motivation for these changes has been twofold:
But can such measures really stop abuses of the past? Where rules
exist, people will always seek ways to twist them to suit their
own ends. What will really create a change in work culture such
as is desired?
This experience has graphically shown me one of the great struggles
that each Christian faces and must overcome. Its principle applies
to so many areas of our lives that I doubt if there is any area
that it does not touch.
THE BOOK OF GALATIANS
We have therefore this battle: what place have rules, rituals,
laws, traditions, work-place agreements (which all define the
culture under which we live)?
Then in Gal 3:1 Paul says:
And so Paul says "You foolish Galatians, your brains are
going numb! Why are you going back to blind obedience to rules
and customs that did the Jews no good? Why aren't you thinking
these things through?"
Dropping down to Gal 3:10:
It is terribly frustrating to work where you don't know what you
are doing, where all you can do is follow procedures without really
understanding why. Paul says that, in a spiritual sense, such
people are cursed. They are cursed whether it be in relation
to their work, their family relationships, or their calling into
the household of God. They are in the dark, without understanding,
waiting for someone to tell them what to do, waiting for someone
with a sheet full of instructions on how to do this job, so that
they can feel productive or right.
In the workplace, setting a 36, 38 or a 40-hour week tries to
guarantee that a certain amount of work will be done for a certain
amount of pay. It gives the employer a degree of security that
he won't be taken advantage of, and it gives the employee a similar
sense of security. But what does it really guarantee? It has
an appearance of wisdom (Col 2:23), but such rules must inevitably
be limiting and oversimplified. They breed hypocrisy, drudgery,
slavery, boredom and exploitation. This is the nature of depending
upon rules.
THE STRUGGLE RECOGNIZED BY SOME
This conflict is also described as the battle between an externally-imposed
morality, followed out of a sense of duty, and someone who acts
out of the conviction of his heart in spite of whether others
think it is right or wrong. Some glorify this as a more noble
state for man. Such people are described as a law unto themselves.
However, society fears this because without rules society tends
to fall into anarchy.
Lives led from the first state may be decent but dull. Religion
can produce this-a rigidity in adherence to rules that make us
seem right. Lives led from the second state may be emotion- packed
and intense, but can be immoral and destructive. Neither of these
is the way for a Christian.
Yet people so often tend to want to return to bondage, to the
security of rules (Gal 4:21), I think in part because there is
this valid fear that when there is a weakening of rules there
will be tyranny. But for us there is only one way:
THE BASIS OF LAW
THE BOOK OF ROMANS
Ro 10:1-10 Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God
for Israel is that they may be saved. 2 For I bear them witness
that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge.
3 For they being ignorant of God's righteousness, and seeking
to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted to the
righteousness of God. 4 For Christ is the goal of the law for
righteousness to everyone who believes. 5 For Moses writes about
the righteousness which is of the law, "The man doing
shall live by it." 6 Moreover, the righteousness of faith
speaks in this way....
A couple of years ago, our federal government introduced new legislation
that went under the label of "enterprise bargaining".
It allows employers and employees to sit down together and negotiate
work-place conditions that are more appropriate to their situations
and business, rather than be governed exclusively by the award
conditions which were established by unions, business bodies and
government, which may retrict a company's operations in various
ways.
One of the main areas revolves around hours of work. In the office
where I work, the current standard for many staff is 36.25 hours
per week. Up until now, any time by which we exceeded that could
be accrued as flextime and then be taken as a day off, at a time
suitable to both the individual and the company. But it is perceived
(and may in part be correct) that some abuse the system by working
additional hours but not really doing much extra work (surprise,
surprise!). So how can these abuses be stopped?
1) to stop abuses of the past and
2) to try to introduce a better culture to the company, a culture
where people are more responsible, more motivated, more rewarded
for their efforts, and less tied to the clock.
Ro 3:28 Therefore we conclude that a man is justified
by faith apart from the deeds of
the law.
What I would like to discuss is this battle between works of
the law and faith. This does not only refer to some problem
that Paul faced, one that is now ancient history. It reveals
a dilemma that strikes at the very heart of the spirit, of life,
of Christian dominion. It is portrayed in some of our great novels,
and it is demonstrated in part when many get drunk on the weekend.
Let's consider this dilemma in the Book of Galatians where Paul
confronts it. The opening of this letter is markedly different
to the introductions in most of Paul's other letters. If we turn
to 1Corinthians we will see the common form of Paul's letters
to the churches to which he wrote.
1Co 1:1-4 Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ
through the will of God, and Sosthenes our brother, 2 To the church
of God which is at Corinth, to those who are sanctified in Christ
Jesus, called to be saints, with all who in every place call on
the name of Jesus Christ our Lord, both theirs and ours: 3 Grace
to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
4 I thank my God always concerning you for the grace of God which
was given to you by Christ Jesus.
This is the common opening to Paul's letters. Let's now consider
the opening to Galatians.
Gal 1:1-7 Paul, an apostle (not from men nor through man,
but through Jesus Christ and God the Father who raised Him from
the dead), 2 and all the brethren who are with me, to the churches
of Galatia: 3 Grace to you and peace from God the Father and our
Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave Himself for our sins, that He might
deliver us from this present evil age, according to the will of
our God and Father, 5 to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.
Quite a standard introduction so far. Yet notice what follows:
there is no "I give thanks concerning you" here!
6 I marvel [I am astonished, amazed] that you are turning
away so soon from Him who called you in the grace of Christ, to
a different gospel, 7 which is not another; but there are some
who trouble you and want to pervert the gospel of Christ.
So this crisis had the potential to pervert the good news they
had received so gladly. Paul then goes on to describe his years
in Judaism:
Gal 1:13-14 For you have heard of my former conduct in
Judaism, how I persecuted the church of God beyond measure and
tried to destroy it. 14 And I advanced in Judaism beyond many
of my contemporaries in my own nation, being more exceedingly
zealous for the traditions of my fathers.
He talks of his experience of being called out of its bondage
to preach the gospel and about the opposition he encountered.
He describes how he went up to Jerusalem to confirm the gospel
he was preaching.
Gal 2:4-5 And this occurred because of false brethren
secretly brought in who came in by stealth to spy out our liberty
which we have in Christ Jesus, that they might bring us into bondage
[How were they trying to bring people into bondage?], 5
to whom we did not yield submission even for an hour, that the
truth of the gospel might continue with you.
He describes his confrontation with Peter over his hypocrisy in
living by these Jewish customs:
Gal 2:12-14 for before certain men came from James, he
would eat with the Gentiles; but when they came, he withdrew and
separated himself, fearing those who were of the circumcision.
13 And the rest of the Jews also played the hypocrite with him,
so that even Barnabas was carried away with their hypocrisy. 14
But when I saw that they were not straightforward about the truth
of the gospel
So this separation was not according to the law of God, but rather
the rules of men, the traditions of Judaism of the time.
I said to Peter before them all, "If you, being a Jew, live
in the manner of Gentiles and not as the Jews, why do you compel
Gentiles to live as Jews?"
And in Gal 2:18 he alludes to the tearing down of these rules
by which he once lived.
Gal 3:1 O foolish Galatians! Who has bewitched you that
you should not obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ
was clearly portrayed among you as crucified?
"Foolish Galatians", who has seduced you with this perversion
of the gospel?
As the Interpreter's Bible comments on Gal 3:1:
Hence the Galatians were "unthinking", "thoughtless",
and therefore foolish; but "foolish" carries overtones
of stupidity, whereas the Galatians' trouble was failure to use
their power of perception, or as we say, "to put two and
two together." In the passive sense [it] means "unthinkable";
in the modern Greek the word is "unreasonable".
Submitting to rules can have the strange effect of diminishing
thoughtfulness and understanding in the face of seemingly creating
understanding and the ability to act.
When people are given a set of procedures to follow, it can give
the illusion that they know what they are doing. They follow
the instructions and become productive. But if something goes
wrong then their ability to solve the problem can be quite limited.
Or if they are given a simple explanation as to how to fix or
get around the problem, they can't grasp it because they depend
upon rules to tell them what to do, rather than understanding
the principles underlying what they are doing. And this is a
difficulty we all face. We have strengths and weaknesses, abilities
and talents in some areas and not in others. In the areas where
we are weak and lack confidence in our understanding, we tend
to rely on rules. In areas where we are talented and confident
we rely less on rules, and want more to understand principles:
why, how, where, and so on.
Gal 3:2-5 This only I want to learn from you: Did you
receive the Spirit by the works of the law, or by the hearing
of faith? 3 Are you so foolish? Having begun in the Spirit, are
you now being made perfect by the flesh?
Having begun to have your spirits perfected with the living principles
embodied in the example of Jesus Christ, are you now going to
turn back to presenting a mere appearance of righteousness?
4 Have you suffered so many things in vain; if indeed it was in
vain? 5 Therefore He who supplies the Spirit to you and works
miracles among you, does He do it by the works of the law, or
by the hearing of faith?
The Spirit is received by hearing with faith (Gal 3:2), that is,
by hearing, listening, thinking the implications through, and
then acting. It comes through a conviction about what is right,
not by the mindless performance of rules. This is true as much
in our work as in our calling. Paul says in 2Ti 1:7 that the
spirit of God gives us confidence, power, love and a sound mind.
As Php 4:8-9 says:
Php 4:8-9 Finally, brethren, whatever is true, whatever
is honourable, whatever is just, whatever is pure, whatever is
lovely, whatever is gracious, if there is any excellence, if there
is anything worthy of praise, think about these things. 9 What
you have learned and received and heard and seen in me, do; and
the God of peace will be with you.
Understanding, confidence and conviction come by hearing and thoughtful
application, not by rigid, simplistic, robotic obedience.
Gal 3:10 For as many as are of the works of the law [i.e.,
those who are blindly obedient to any system of law] are under
the curse; for it is written, "Cursed is everyone who does
not continue in all things which are written in the book of the
law, to do them."
Those who rely on works of law are cursed, blind and dead. Those
who rely on someone giving them clear procedures to ritually follow
are blind. They don't really know what they are doing. These
may be helpful to do boring mundane jobs at the office. But if
there is a problem they will rarely be able to fix it, unless
they try to see beyond the written instructions and seek understanding.
However, following rules and procedures blindly cannot make us
perfect:
Gal 3:21 Is the law then against the promises of God?
Certainly not! For if there had been a law given which could have
given life, truly righteousness would have been by the law.
No law can make us righteous. If you really want to do something
well in your work, or in a field of interest, you must understand
it intimately, not merely follow written rules and procedures.
Gal 3:23-24 But before faith came, we were kept under
guard by the law [the rituals and procedures], kept for
the faith which would afterward be revealed. 24 Therefore the
law was our tutor to bring us to Christ, that we might be justified
by faith.
So rules do provide a degree of protection until we are ready
for something greater. They do provide some of guidance for us
while we are young, immature and lacking in understanding. However,
rules can have a strange effect upon the mind. Man tends to feel
secure where there are rules and procedures. These give the illusion
of guaranteeing an outcome. Like a constitution protecting a
body of people from past abuses!
Some of our great literature recognises this problem faced by
man. There is a conflict between the bondage caused by abiding
by externally-imposed rules, regulations, duties and expectations
without having any real enthusiasm for them (conforming to the
society), and longing for a purpose or person to be passionate
about, something or someone worth loving with all one's being
(conforming to one's nature).
Gal 3:25-26 But after faith has come, we are no longer
under a tutor. 26 For you are all sons of God through faith in
Christ Jesus.
We are to be neither in bondage nor in anarchy. We must learn
to love the living principles to which the Words of God point,
rather than make of them rituals to be blindly followed. We need
to live by the principles-the spirit of the law-rather than by
the rigid rules of law. Rules and guidelines can be useful, but
knowledge of the laws governing the behaviour is better.
Gal 5:13-15 For you, brethren, have been called to liberty;
only do not use liberty as an opportunity for the flesh, but through
love serve one another. 14 For all the law is fulfilled in one
word, even in this: "You shall love your neighbour as yourself."
15 But if you bite and devour one another, beware lest you be
consumed by one another!
Liberty can lead to anarchy or abuse. Perhaps this is one reason
why people fear liberty.
Let's just remind ourselves what lies as the foundation of the
Law which gives life.
Dt 6:4-9 "Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD
is one! 5 You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart,
with all your soul, and with all your strength. 6 And these words
which I command you today shall be in your heart. 7 You shall
teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them
when you sit in your house, when you walk by the way, when you
lie down, and when you rise up. You shall bind them as a sign
on your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes.
9 You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your
gates."
So why don't we bind the commandments as a sign on our hands,
and as a little ornament drooping down our forehead, or write
"You shall not covet my house" on our front door?
Because these things are graphically and figuratively telling
us that in all we do, in our thoughts and our memories, in our
comings and goings, we should love God, remember His mercies,
and abide by the living principles of His Words. But the some
of the Jews make this into a literal commandment (Dt 10:12-21).
Mk 12:28-34 Then one of the scribes came, and having heard
them reasoning together, perceiving that He had answered them
well, asked Him, "Which is the first commandment of all?"
29 Jesus answered him, "The first of all the commandments
is: 'Hear, O Israel, the LORD our God, the LORD is one. 30 And
you shall love the LORD your God with all your heart, with all
your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength.' This
is the first commandment. 31 And the second, like it, is this:
'You shall love your neighbour as yourself.' There is no other
commandment greater than these." 32 So the scribe said to
Him, "Well said, Teacher. You have spoken the truth, for
there is one God, and there is no other but He. 33 And to love
Him with all the heart, with all the understanding, with all the
soul, and with all the strength, and to love one's neighbour as
oneself, is more than all the whole burnt offerings and sacrifices."
34 Now when Jesus saw that he answered wisely, He said to him,
"You are not far from the kingdom of God."
Law must not exist for its own purpose. At its basis and its
purpose is love for God and love for our neighbour. One example
that the legalists hate is that of Rahab. Christians must always
tell the truth! But Rahab told a lie when the king's men came
to her to inquire about the Israelite spies. The only problem
with this is that both James (Jas 2:25) and Hebrews (Heb 11:31)
tell us that her protection of the spies was an act of faith approved
of by God! (and likewise the Egyptian midwives-Ex 1:15-20). Saving
the lives of God's servants was a weightier matter of the law.
Righteousness can never be expressed merely by carrying out some
action according to a law. Righteousness is the doing of the
will of God. Performing law in its own right doesn't produce
righteous actions. Faith, which is based on truth and love, is
the basis from which any law must be viewed and interpreted.
Ro 9:30-32 What shall we say then? That Gentiles, who
did not pursue righteousness, have attained to righteousness,
even the righteousness of faith; 31 but Israel, pursuing the law
of righteousness, has not attained to the law of righteousness.
32 Why? Because they did not seek it by faith, but as it were,
by the works of the law. For they stumbled at that stumbling stone.
Moses also wrote about righteousness based on the law and also
about righteousness based on faith. Are there two different types
of righteousness? Is there one form of righteousness for Jews
and another form of righteousness for Gentiles? Obviously not!
(Ro 3:22; 10:12). The Jews think the righteous Gentiles don't
have to follow the same form of righteousness as they do. But
surely they are two different aspects of the same righteousness!
These scriptures testify that there is only one path to righteousness.)
"Do not say in your heart, 'Who will ascend into heaven?'
" (that is, to bring Christ down from above) 7 or, "
'Who will descend into the abyss?' " (that is, to bring Christ
up from the dead).
Moses says that we don't need to turn heaven and earth upside
down looking for answers. We don't have to search high and low
to discover God's will. We cannot say it is unknowable and so
have an excuse for not doing it (Dt 30:11-14). Who will bring
the Messiah down? God has already sent Him, why didn't we recognise
Him? Who will raise Him from the dead? God already has, why
don't we believe it?
8 But what does it say? "The word is near you, in your mouth
and in your heart" (that is, the word of faith which we preach)
BELIEF AND CONVICTION
These things are not too hard, neither are they inaccessible to
us. God has done what is necessary to make what we need readily
available, through the preaching of the apostle Paul. We simply
have to take to heart what is there plainly under our noses.
We just have to take the time to think about what we are reading,
ask for help to understand it, believe it, and be convicted about
it. Belief is one of the fundamental works in which God is involved
(Jn 6:29). It is the process by which we come to love the Lord
with all our heart and soul and mind-by becoming convinced of
and convicted by the truth. In this way, deeds that come from
a heart that is convicted of that truth are righteous and lead
to salvation, not mere observance or the performance of any law.
9 that if you confess with your mouth the Lord Jesus and believe
in your heart that God has raised Him from the dead, you will
be saved. 10 For with the heart one believes unto righteousness,
and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.