COMPETING INTERESTS
It seems we here have an example of people supposedly acting from
an attitude of service, only to have it discovered that they have
another more personal agenda that conflicts with their stated
goal. We call this a conflict of interestthat is, one involvement
competes with another for attention, so much so that it is impossible
to serve the stated goal adequately, if at all, because such a
bias enters into the motivation behind what is being done. In
the Gosper case, the father's interests for his daughter competed
with those of the nation and with his role on the International
Olympic Committee. Even if the selection of Sophie was in the
hands of other parties, it nonetheless sent messages other than
the ones intended. For this reason alone (if his interests were
indeed solely focussed on the Olympic movement), he should have
rejected such an offer, even if only to avoid the possibility
of assumed impropriety.
Then there are other innumerable examples: from the cricket betting
and match-fixing scandal to Australian state governments that
refuse to curb Internet gambling. Is it possible to do anything
without having a hidden or vested interest? Is it possible to
serve others and not compete with one's own interests? Is it possible
to love or serve someone and not be motivated by a hidden or other
agenda?
Today, I want to look at this interesting and absorbing subject,
one that branches off from my last message dealing with deceit
and deceptionfor deceit is indeed often a feature of vested interests
which we prefer to be hidden. Can I appear to be noble and selfless,
while all the time looking out for my slice of the pie?
THE CITIZEN ADVOCACY PROGRAM
Why have a scheme like this? As we know, disabled people are
devalued, which then leads to bad treatment of them and to the
denial to them of most things that are offered to valued people.
Even some of you here have felt the effects of this process.
In order to be an effective advocate, it is essential that the
advocate acts without a conflict of interest. That is, he or she
has no ties to anything that might even potentially entice them
to put that interest ahead of the person being protected. Imagine
being a person needing someone to advocate for you, only to find
your advocate is colluding, receiving a kick-back, or somehow
associated with the entity from which you need protecting. It
would be like your jailer or torturer claiming to represent your
interests when they are clearly committed to your imprisonment!
This is one reason why workers are not recruited as advocates
for people with whom they work.
Another way of putting this is that people who can act independently
of any other interest are sought as advocates. They are not
constrained in their advocacy by other ties or relationships to
services, people, histories or allegiances that would in some
way weaken their capacity to act just for that person. It's like
asking, "What will bring the greatest strength for people
who are weakest?" Someone who can speak and act without compromise,
who cannot be silenced, got at, sacked, transferred or directly
threatened through another alliance. Now that's strength!
Those who have seen the recent movie, "The Hurricane",
will have seen an excellent example of non-conflicted, independent
and tenacious advocacy. Their capacity to see justice done for
a man wrongly accused and jailed (for 22 years) was empowered
by their conviction of his innocence, but also by their ability
to act independently. Their voice could not be silenced.
Citizen advocates of course are not paid; that would introduce
a potential conflict of interest. The relationship is freely given,
it is not coerced. Payment would introduce control and potential
coercion by other parties. It may indeed be, and often is, the
only relationship in the life of a person that is free of other
vested interests. Everyone else in the life of a devalued person
is there to have some other interests fulfilled, whether through
payment or other benefits, like status or prestige.
What is interesting is that when an advocate is truly independent
of any conflict of interest, they become loyal to the person
their relationship protects. As loyalty increases, so does the
strength of the relationship. The person is not only protected,
but is quite often befriended. You have two essential ingredients
of successful relationships: no conflicts of interest, and the
loyalty that flows from this. No form of paid advocacy, whether
it be from the Office of the Public Advocate (run by the same
government that runs the services), or other forms of paid advocacy,
comes even close to this.
DUPLICITOUS VERSUS UNEQUIVOCAL RELATIONSHIPS
So what is the issue here?
Tomorrow we are visiting Angelo, Rachel and the children at their
home. Kathy has a series of lectures to attend at Deakin University,
so we thought that while she was there we'd go and see the Zavals.
Angelo and I also planned to one day cut down one of their trees,
and I would bring our trailer and take some of the wood. But our
present car doesn't have a towbar. Hmm
I could ask Paul,
Sandy and Amelia if they would like to come
.or the Falcesand
if they could bring the trailer. But do I really want them to
come, or do I only want the trailer? What if they discovered that
I only asked them as a means of acquiring some wood, and not for
their company? Can you see how my interest in the wood could replace
my concern for their interests and for our relationship? They
could feel used and might doubt the basis of our friendship.
Can I serve my own interests and still be loyal to the relationship?
If trust is even partly destroyed, it could take much time before
it's healed.
One can't have two gods, so which one are we going to worship?
Here is one classic example:
Is there a good example of fidelity and loyalty, of faithfulness,
where there is no conflict of interest? Yes:
When we turn our backs on God and go after the things that we
love, God likens this in a figurative sense to fornication. In
the King James version, the word 'zanah' is translated 'whoring'.
Other translations render it as 'prostitute oneself', or 'play
the harlot'. Somehow I think 'whoring' captures it quite well.
Whoring, as a concept, is a little stronger than "I think
you have a conflict of interest"and it more powerfully expresses
the true nature of such a conflict. For example:
A LIFE-LONG COMMITMENT
Remember the love mutually-expressed in the 'Song of Songs'? The
depth of longing, the intensity of the desire for intimacy? Or
Ruth's commitment to Naomi?
The God whom we serve is always faithful to us and will never
leave us, is always loyal, and will never forsake us. Can we be
so in return?
Kevin Gosper has certainly been in the news lately, as has his
family. It's interesting to see that upon his daughter Sophie's
return to Australia, they were all reluctant to talk to the press.
You would think that Australia's first Olympic torch relay member
would be glad to speak!
The importance of this topic has been brought home to me through
my involvement with the "Citizen Advocacy" program.
"Citizen Advocacy" matches people with a disability
to ordinary citizens. These citizens stand with and represent
the interests of a disabled person as though those interests were
their own, in order to protect and safeguard the welfare and well-being
of that person. However, this doesn't mean that the advocate is
without personal motivation. Advocates may be motivated by many
different things: the desire to obtain justice, to support the
lowly, to see right done, etc. But this is different to an interest
that conflicts with the role of being an advocate.
What does the Bible have to say about this topic? Does it have
anything to teach us in regard to what amounts to duplicity in
relating to God and to each other?
Ro 3:10-18 As it is written: "There is none righteous,
no, not one; 11 there is none who understands; there is none who
seeks after God. 12 They have all turned aside; they have together
become unprofitable; there is none who does good, no, not one."
13 "Their throat is an open tomb; with their tongues they
have practiced deceit"; "the poison of asps is under
their lips"; 14 "whose mouth is full of cursing and
bitterness." 15 "Their feet are swift to shed blood;
destruction and misery are in their ways; 17 and the way of peace
they have not known." 18 "There is no fear of God before
their eyes."
Notice how the Scriptures use such strong language to describe
this pattern of carnal response to serve interests other than
those that are good and beneficial. While Kevin Gosper was chided
for his indiscretion, it was hardly described in these terms.
Note the connection to deception (v 13), and of course we remember
that where deception is, violence is just around the corner (vv
15-17).
Ex 20:1-5 And God spoke all these words, saying: 2 "I
am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt,
out of the house of bondage. 3 You shall have no other gods before
Me. 4 You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any
likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the
earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; 5 you
shall not bow down to them nor serve them. For I, the LORD your
God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on
the children to the third and fourth generations of those who
hate Me"
Now the commandments set a boundary as to what must not be done.
They seek compliancea suitable starting point for a people learning
who God is and the laws that bring happiness. Here the law draws
attention to the direction and nature of worship: who is worthy
of worship, and what is not. This is a common theme re-iterated
throughout the Scriptures. As these themes (who is worthy of worship
and what is not) are elaborated upon, there is a shift in emphasis
from compliance to internalisation:
Dt 6:4-5 "Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD
is one! 5 You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart,
with all your soul, and with all your strength."
This is why David could say:
Mt 22:37-38 Jesus said to him, "'You shall love the
LORD your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with
all your mind.' 38 This is the first and great commandment."
Ps 119:11 Your word I have hidden in my heart, that I might
not sin against You!
Here the theme is the nature of the worship toward God. It is
unequivocal; it is worship with our whole being. Therefore, every
other concern we have in life is to be subservient to that interest.
God also knew that we would be enticed by other things that would
present themselves in ways that would draw our attention from
what is true to what is false.
Dt 13:1-5 "If there arises among you a prophet or
a dreamer of dreams, and he gives you a sign or a wonder, 2 and
the sign or the wonder comes to pass, of which he spoke to you,
saying, 'Let us go after other gods'; which you have not known;
'and let us serve them,' 3 you shall not listen to the words
of that prophet or that dreamer of dreams, for the LORD your God
is testing you to know whether you love the LORD your God with
all your heart and with all your soul. 4 You shall walk after
the LORD your God and fear Him, and keep His commandments and
obey His voice, and you shall serve Him and hold fast to Him.
5 But that prophet or that dreamer of dreams shall be put to
death, because he has spoken in order to turn you away from the
LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt and redeemed
you from the house of bondage, to entice you from the way in which
the LORD your God commanded you to walk. So you shall put away
the evil from your midst."
INCOMPATIBLE AND CONFLICTING INTERESTS
So strongly does God regard our allegiance and loyalty to Him.
He has bought us with a heavy price, invested, so to speak, in
our survival, redeeming us from death. Naturally He is jealous
to keep what is His. How would it feel if He wasn't this way?
It wouldn't seem as though He loved us very much, would it? "Go,
I don't care!" So He fights for us, and warns us how easily
we are led into other interests, to other things in which we place
our hopes, causing us to worship "gods that are no gods".
To worship another god is to have a conflict of interest, as it
were, with the interest or purpose we have with the Father. The
worship of another god is to pursue an incompatible interest.
Dt 30:11-20 "For this commandment which I command
you today is not too mysterious for you, nor is it far off. 12
It is not in heaven, that you should say, 'Who will ascend into
heaven for us and bring it to us, that we may hear it and do it?'
13 Nor is it beyond the sea, that you should say, 'Who will go
over the sea for us and bring it to us, that we may hear it and
do it?' 14 But the word is very near you, in your mouth and in
your heart, that you may do it. 15 See, I have set before you
today life and good, death and evil, 16 in that I command you
today to love the LORD your God, to walk in His ways, and to keep
His commandments, His statutes, and His judgments, that you may
live and multiply; and the LORD your God will bless you in the
land which you go to possess. 17 But if your heart turns away
so that you do not hear, and are drawn away, and worship
other gods and serve them, 18 I announce to you today that you
shall surely perish; you shall not prolong your days in the land
which you cross over the Jordan to go in and possess. 19 I call
heaven and earth as witnesses today against you, that I have set
before you life and death, blessing and cursing; therefore choose
life, that both you and your descendants may live; 20 that you
may love the LORD your God, that you may obey His voice, and that
you may cling to Him, for He is your life and the length of your
days; and that you may dwell in the land which the LORD swore
to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to give them."
Imagine having a relationship with someone, someone to whom you
have given a commitment, a relationship that has very specific
and unique qualities, then transferring that involvement and loyalty
to another entity. The interests of one relationship then immediately
conflict with the basis of the other.
Mt 6:21-24 "For where your treasure is, there your
heart will be also. 22 The lamp of the body is the eye. If therefore
your eye is good, your whole body will be full of light. 23 But
if your eye is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness.
If therefore the light that is in you is darkness, how great is
that darkness! 24 No one can serve two masters; for either he
will hate the one and love the other, or else he will be loyal
to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon."
You can't exist for very long in an arrangement where there is
a conflict of interest and remain loyal! What these verses indicate
is that a compromise or trade-off is forced. One so-called allegiance
will suffer to give way to the other. In Citizen Advocacy terms,
if a conflict of interest exists for a devalued person, it is
the weaker party that is almost always sacrificed; that is, the
interests of the person with the conflict will always be served
and of course the relationship will suffer, perhaps irreparably.
1Sa 15:18-23 "Now the LORD sent you on a mission,
and said, 'Go, and utterly destroy the sinners, the Amalekites,
and fight against them until they are consumed.' 19 Why then
did you not obey the voice of the LORD? Why did you swoop down
on the spoil, and do evil in the sight of the LORD?" 20
And Saul said to Samuel, "But I have obeyed the voice of
the LORD, and gone on the mission on which the LORD sent me, and
brought back Agag king of Amalek; I have utterly destroyed the
Amalekites. 21 But the people took of the plunder, sheep and
oxen, the best of the things which should have been utterly destroyed,
to sacrifice to the LORD your God in Gilgal." 22 Then Samuel
said: "Has the LORD as great delight in burnt offerings and
sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the LORD? Behold, to obey
is better than sacrifice, and to heed than the fat of rams. 23
For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is
as iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of
the LORD, He also has rejected you from being king."
Sounds pretty tough. However, Saul had allowed a conflict of interest
to enter into his dealings with the Amalekites. He sided with
their king, Agagthe enemyand coveted and took their wealth as
plunder; that is, he wanted to benefit from what this other arrangement
brought him. He was now completely conflicted and disloyal, and
in doing what he did, he violated his relationship with God.
Mt 8:5-10 Now when Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion
came to Him, pleading with Him, 6 saying, "Lord, my servant
is lying at home paralysed, dreadfully tormented." 7 And
Jesus said to him, "I will come and heal him." 8 The
centurion answered and said, "Lord, I am not worthy that
You should come under my roof. But only speak a word, and my servant
will be healed. 9 For I also am a man under authority, having
soldiers under me. And I say to this one, 'Go,' and he goes; and
to another, 'Come,' and he comes; and to my servant, 'Do this,'
and he does it." 10 When Jesus heard it, He marvelled, and
said to those who followed, "Assuredly, I say to you, I
have not found such great faith, not even in Israel!"
Why is this such a difficult thing for us to achieve?
1Ti 6:8-12 And having food and clothing, with these we
shall be content. 9 But those who desire to be rich fall into
temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and harmful lusts
which drown men in destruction and perdition. 10 For the love
of money is a root of all kinds of evil, for which some have strayed
from the faith in their greediness, and pierced themselves through
with many sorrows. 11 But you, O man of God, flee these things
and pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, gentleness.
12 Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, to
which you were also called and have confessed the good confession
in the presence of many witnesses.
PLAYING THE HARLOT
To be free of a conflict of interest with our God is to be faithful
to our God. To pursue interests at odds with that relationship
is to worship another god. How is it we have such a hard time
staying with the God who loves us?
Jas 4:1-3 Where do wars and fights come from among you?
Do they not come from your desires for pleasure that war in your
members? 2 You lust and do not have. You murder and covet and
cannot obtain. You fight and war. Yet you do not have because
you do not ask. 3 You ask and do not receive, because you ask
amiss, that you may spend it on your pleasures.
How does God view this? What does He call it?
Jas 4:4 Adulterers and adulteresses! Do you not know that
friendship with the world is enmity with God? Whoever therefore
wants to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of
God.
Agag was an enemy of God. Saul befriended him, Samuel had to put
him to death. So do we.
Judg 8:27 And Gideon made an ephod thereof, and put it
in his city, even in Ophrah: and all Israel went thither a whoring
after it: which thing became a snare unto Gideon, and to his house.
A conflict of interest in relating to God is sin. It means our
attention is drawn to worshipping something other than the true
God. It is indeed idolatry.
Ps 73:25-28 Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there is
none upon earth that I desire beside thee. 26 My flesh and my
heart faileth: but God is the strength of my heart, and my portion
for ever. 27 For, lo, they that are far from thee shall perish:
thou hast destroyed all them that go a whoring from thee.
28 But it is good for me to draw near to God: I have put my trust
in the Lord GOD, that I may declare all thy works.
Whores can claim to be faithful, but what happens when people
go whoring?
Hos 4:10-12 "For they shall eat, but not have enough;
they shall commit harlotry, but not increase; because they have
ceased obeying the LORD. 11 Harlotry [whoring], wine, and
new wine enslave the heart. 12 My people ask counsel from their
wooden idols, and their staff informs them. For the spirit
of harlotry (5:4) has caused them to stray, and they have
played the harlot against their God."
The relationship breaks down and the whoring party turns against
that which they originally professed to love. But notice what
happens:
Hos 4:13-14 "They offer sacrifices on the mountaintops,
and burn incense on the hills, under oaks, poplars, and terebinths,
because their shade is good [some trivial immediate benefit is
celebrated]. Therefore your daughters commit harlotry, and your
brides commit adultery. 14 I will not punish your daughters when
they commit harlotry, nor your brides when they commit adultery;
for the men themselves go apart with harlots, and offer sacrifices
with a ritual harlot. Therefore people who do not understand will
be trampled."
There is a natural consequence to all of this: false gods always
devour their worshippers because idols by their very nature are
false. They can't deliver. So as the follower turns against God,
the false god turns ultimately against the follower.
Some Citizen Advocacy relationships last a very long time. Some
people make life-long commitments to the person they are protecting.
We often wonder what it is that makes people commit themselves
so deeply, while other relationships don't go so well. One aspect
is that the protégé expresses a need for the relationship
to the advocate. And the advocate discovers that the protégé
brings as much to their life as they do to his or hersand sometimes
more.
Ruth 1:16-17 But Ruth said: "Entreat me not to leave
you, or to turn back from following after you; for wherever you
go, I will go; and wherever you lodge, I will lodge; your people
shall be my people, and your God, my God. 17 Where you die, I
will die, and there will I be buried. The LORD do so to me, and
more also, if anything but death parts you and me."
Will we be faithful to the relationship to which God has called
usor will we be off a-whoring, following interests that betray
the very heart of the relationship?
Jer 31:33-34 "But this is the covenant that I will
make with the house of Israel after those days, says the LORD:
I will put My law in their minds, and write it on their hearts;
and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. 34 No more
shall every man teach his neighbour, and every man his brother,
saying, 'Know the LORD,' for they all shall know Me, from the
least of them to the greatest of them, says the LORD. For I will
forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more."
Conflicts of interest destroy the loyalty of a relationship. Having
other gods is a major source of conflicts of interests with our
relationship with God. Do we want a powerful relationship with
God, one that can move mountains? Then we must remove the impediments
that weaken, pollute and taint that relationship, so that nothing,
nothing whatsoever, comes between us and the God we worship.