ACTS 27
BY SHIP FROM CAESAREA TO MALTA THEN ROME
A PARABLE OF THE JOURNEY OF LIFE
 ©Orest Solyma  
The Church of God in Williamstown
WEB SITE: http://www.alphalink.com.au/~sanhub/index_.htm

INTRODUCTION
In our previous Bible Study we covered chapters 25 and 26: Paul was brought before Festus, the governor of Judaea residing in the provincial capital, Caesarea, and King Agrippa II, the king of Judaea appointed by Rome. The result of this trial was that in response to Paul's appeal he was to be tried before Caesar, the Emperor, Nero (54-68AD). This was the third farcical trial: two years before Paul was tried by the Sanhedrin in Jerusalem, then it was before the previous governor Felix with the kind-hearted accusers and others sent by the innocently scheming Sanhedrin. Now Paul was to be sent by ship to Rome. Prophecy was to be fulfilled. What an amazing journey it proves to be - begun about August of (probably, according to NJB footnotes) 60AD and ending in Rome during February-March of 61AD.

SOME HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Agrippa died in 100AD. He was the last Herodian king in Judaea, whose kingship ended in 66AD with the Roman siege of Jerusalem subsequent to Jewish rebellions. The events we will be reading about in Acts 27 and 28 are from about August 60AD to February-March 61AD. Then with two years of "house arrest" in Rome (28:30) we end up in early 63AD. The great fire of Rome (started July 18, 64AD). The fire totally destroyed three of the 14 suburbs or districts, with damage to seven other suburbs. Nero's palace, a number of public buildings and temples were also destroyed. The fire started in the Circus Maximus (a large stadium, built for those infamous public spectacles paid for by the public purse, immediately south of Nero's palace and the first large public building on the Via Appia, the main southern road into Rome - the road along which Paul entered Rome ([Ancient Culture and Society. Nero: Reality and Legend by B.H. Warmington; Chatto & Windus; 1981; pp 123-4]; see the NIV Study Bible, p 1702, for a map and some details about Rome).

Historically, we get the feeling, as experience has shown us in our own times, that major world events and what God is doing with his servants come to some kind of critical mass. The spirit that rules the world, die Zeitgeist, 'the spirit of the times', too often influences the church in ways parallel with the world (Eph 6:12). Ignoring the world is not the same as coming out of the world. May I quote from A History of Rome to A.D. 565 (Arthur Boak & William Sinnigan; Macmillan; 1965; p 312):

"THE JEWISH REBELLION: A.D. 66-70. Hostilities broke out in 66 in Jerusalem, where the Roman garrison was driven out by the rebels. At the same time a decision of the Roman government that Jews were not entitled to citizenship in Caesarea (Please recall that the Sanhedrin had made its final effort to take Paul's citizenship as a Jew and as a Roman in Caesarea - by plotting to murder him), the capital of the province, provoked a riot in which the Greek population (i.e., probably including Jews who had assimilated Graeco-Roman culture) massacred the Jews. Similar outbreaks occurred in other towns of Judaea, now one party now the other being the aggressor, and the disorders spread beyond the bounds of Judaea to Syria and Egypt. The Romans awoke to the seriousness of the situation when the legate (governor) of Syria, Cestius Gallus, who had marched on Jerusalem, was forced to beat an ignominious retreat.
"Late in 67 Vespasian was appointed to command an army of 50,000 assembled for the conquest of Judaea.
We should recall Jesus' words in Luke 21:20: "When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that its desolation is near." And we should recall Daniel's prophecy (11:41,45), keeping in mind that Jerusalem is a stumbling block to the nations (Zech 12:2-3; Isa 51:17-23): "[The king of the north], {who is described in Rev 13:4 as 'Who is like the Beast? Who is able to make war with him?' - because there is no other world power that can withstand his might both militarily and economically}, shall also enter the Glorious Land ... and he shall plant the tents of his palaces (i.e., temporary administration) between the seas (Mediterranean and Dead Seas) and the glorious holy mountain (i.e., Mount Moriah, or spiritually Mt Zion [Isa 48:2]; but perhaps on the Mount of Olives [2Thess 2:9,10; Dan 11:30,32])."

Continuing with the quotes from the history book:

"In this and the following year (67-68) he reduced the open country and isolated fortresses and was ready to blockade Jerusalem, where most Jews had fled for refuge (contrary to what the Bible says: "When you see Jerusalem surrounded .... let those in Judaea flee into the mountains" [Lk 21:20-21]). Upon hearing of Nero's death [Nero cut his own throat, with the help of some 'faithful', on the night of June 8, 68], he postponed his attack on the city and did not resume active operations until after the accession of Vitellius (a general who had the support of the German legions; but Galba became the new Caesar). Shortly afterward, however, his own elevation to the principate (i.e., the official vote of the Roman Senate that he is princeps - in line for the highest office) caused a further suspension of hostilities for ten months, during which factional strife raged fiercely within the city.
"Vespasian entrusted the conclusion of the war to his eldest son Titus, who at once began the siege of Jerusalem ([about March] 70). The city had a triple line of fortifications (including trenches outside the walls), and within the inner wall were two natural citadels, the temple and the old city of Mount Zion. The population, swollen by many refugees, suffered terribly from hunger but resisted with the fury of despair (not to mention folly, irrational pride, and the fruit of much factionalism). Experience and numbers told; the walls were stormed, and the Romans forced their way into the temple, which was destroyed by fire (on the same night as in 587BC; see 2Ki 25:8,9; Jer 52:12,13; Josephus, Wars, Bk.VI, ch. iv,5-8).
Why is it that so often people will fight on despite the fact that the cause, though seemingly right, is wrong, and is lost? In the case of the Jews it was in the grossly mistaken belief that God was still with them. Their ranks were factionalised. There was disagreement of all kinds amongst them. There were power struggles amongst them. Pride, covetousness, doctrinal error were rampant. What is the proof that God is still with the group or organization one might be a part of? Ezekiel 34:11-23 makes it clear that strife among the sheep will continue until Christ's Coming. Let us please be the exception to the prophesied condition of the Church!
"Mount Zion still held out but finally was taken by assault. Jerusalem was destroyed, and Judaea became a province under an imperial legate. The political community of the Jews was dissolved, and they were subjected to a yearly head tax of two denarii each (i.e., two days wages) payable to the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus (contra the half shekel temple tax paid by every person 20 years of age and older mentioned in Ex 30:11-16; Matt 17:24; and possibly in 2Chron 24:6-14), in consideration of which they enjoyed their previous immunities. Titus commemorated his victory by the arch which still stands near the Roman Forum. One of its reliefs represents the spoils from the temple, carried in the triumphal procession to Rome."
Perhaps we need to recognise more clearly that in history there are times where the crescendo of God's Will clashes with the rages of Satan as he makes every attempt to destroy God's people and the work of God expressed in their lives: "This is the work of God, that you believe in Him whom He sent" (Jn 6:29). What is Satan doing while God is working with His saints?
Paul's epistle to the Church of God in Thessalonika has this to say: THE JOURNEY - A PARABLE?
Most likely, if you have read chapter 27 ahead of time, you may have wondered why there is so much detail about a sea voyage. Where is the doctrinal exposition and practical application to Christian life? More and more I realise that the sections of Scripture that appear to be just stories, are far more than that: they are amazing parables! God's parables guide us into the Kingdom (Matt 13:10-13).

Some commentators make a point in saying that this chapter is like a parable of the voyage through life. It is said that there are poetic allusions to Homer's purported epics, The Iliad and The Odyssey. Both of these epic poems deal with heroic sea voyages. I've read no accounts that begin to explain any the possible parabolic meanings.

Life is a journey, and certainly all who are to receive the gift of immortality in the Kingdom of God have a journey that will include many trials and tribulations (Acts 14:22; Matt 10:34-39). Each saint's journey through this present life towards eternal life in the Kingdom of God is promised to be very difficult ... "difficult is the Way which leads to Life, and there are few who find it" (Matt 7:13-14; Lk 13:24). But those who are called, chosen, and faithful (Rev 17:14) will never be forsaken (Heb 13:5,6). What God has truly started in one of His children He will finish through His Son (Jn 10:27-29). Sickness, disease, serious accident, strange mishaps, prison - nothing - nothing can stop what God swears to finish in each one of His children. Each one who belongs to God will know, when the time is, that, as Paul said, not long before Nero had him executed: "I have fought a good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the Faith. Finally, there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will give me on that Day, and to me only but also to all who have loved His appearing (2Tim 4:7,8). This principle surely applies to all saints.

Our lives are inevitably affected by the commercial, mercantile, political, and cultural activities in the world. Influences are inevitable. Are we affected like Lot or like Abraham? How do we handle such influences? How was Paul affected by what he was experiencing in the world of his time? Satan is the prince of the power of the air (Eph 2:2), or as William Barclay puts it: "living life as the ruler of the power of the air dictates it." God's faithful cannot allow the invisible principalities and powers of this world dictate what they shall think, feel, speak, do, and be motivated by (Eph 6:12; Jas 4:7)! Why should Julius have heeded Paul. He was just a minister! What would he know about sailing, the behaviour of the seas, and weather patterns? I get similar treatment. "What would you know about business, or farming, or some other area of regular life?" You've only been a minister for 31 years! What would you know about real life? What did Paul know about real life? Let's look in his second epistle to the Church of God in Corinth, probably written from Ephesus before Pentecost, 55AD. No wonder Paul had a doctor with him most of the time - Luke! What pain and anguish did he go through even daily? What permanent injuries bothered him? Most people rejected and reject the true Jesus Christ! Many rejected and still reject the apostle Paul! Is it any different today? I think not! In a sick and abusive society most prefer leaders and guides who are pseudo-righteous, who lust after pre-eminence, and the people seem to love to have it so. Because righteousness does not grandstand, because godliness is not arrogant, because love is not self-seeking, because service to God does not seek power over people, the result is that the carnal mind rejects such care and seeks a form of religion that denies the power of God (2Tim 3:5). GODLY VISION AND COURAGE
21 The men had gone a long time without food. (They were shattered psychologically, physically exhausted, and hungry - they had had no regular meals. Maybe now they would be prepared to listen to godly advice. They were all on the very edge of total disaster and despair!) Paul stood up before them and said: "Men, you should have taken my advice not to sail from Crete; then you would have spared yourselves this damage and loss. (People don't like to be told: "I told you so!") 22 But now I urge you to keep up your courage, because not one of you will be lost; only the ship will be destroyed (The vehicle of this part of your journey is to be destroyed. This is what we are seeing with respect to the attempts in the organizational structures set up "for" us). 23 Last night an angel of the God, whose servant I am and whom I serve, stood beside me 24 and said, 'Do not be afraid, Paul. You must stand trial before Caesar; and God has graciously given you the lives of all who sail with you.' 25 So keep up your courage, men, for I have faith in God that it will happen just as he told me. 26 Nevertheless, we must run aground on some island." (May those here, those who hear by reading this, take heed to these parables).
27 On the fourteenth night (since leaving Fair Havens) we were still being driven across the Adriatic Sea, when about midnight the sailors sensed they were approaching land (heard the pounding of breakers). 28 They took soundings and found that the water was a hundred and twenty feet deep. A short time later they took soundings again and found it was ninety feet deep. 29 Fearing that we would be dashed against the rocks, they dropped four anchors from the stern and prayed for daylight. 30 In an attempt to escape from the ship, the sailors let the lifeboat down into the sea, pretending they were going to lower some anchors from the bow. 31 Then Paul said to the centurion and the soldiers, "Unless these men stay with the ship, you cannot be saved." 32 So the soldiers cut the ropes that held the lifeboat and let it fall away. (Now the centurion was listening to Paul and the desertion of all good opportunity was prevented).

THE JOURNEY WILL BE COMPLETED
33 Just before dawn Paul urged them all to eat. "For the last fourteen days," he said, "you have been in constant suspense and have gone without food - you haven't eaten anything (i.e., no one had eaten any regular meals. The Christian needs, desperately, as the first beatitude says: "Blessed are the poor in spirit (i.e., those who beg for the Bread of Life as beggars do. How would a beggar feel if he didn't beg for food and didn't get any for a day?). 34 Now I urge you to take some food. You need it to survive. Not one of you will lose a single hair from his head." What is meant by this last statement?

In Luke's parallel chapter to Matthew 24 and Mark 13, we read:

In the mighty chapter dealing with Christ as the good Shepherd, we see these words: Let me ask you a simple question. The reason for it is because some accuse me of not seeking God's sheep. If a sheep should wonder away from the flock, and the shepherd goes after it, finds it, and calls it, what will the lost sheep do? Notice what the Scripture says: Do the sheep have responsibility in responding to the voice of a shepherd sent by God? Now if the shepherd is self-deceived, and is not sent by God, then certainly don't follow him. However, many sheep are listening to the voices of many shepherds. Confusion will rule more and more. If you really are one of the sheep given by God to the Good Shepherd, then He will never leave us nor forsake us.

"CONFESS ME BEFORE MEN"
Acts 27:35 After he said this, he took some bread and gave thanks to God in front of them all. Then he broke it and began to eat. 36 They were all encouraged and ate some food themselves.
(How amazing that in front of over 270 heathen, other than Luke, Aristarchus, and possibly Secundus, Paul asked all to acknowledge the God who had so far delivered them.

They were all in the drink together, as we are today!

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