ACTS 22
CRUCIAL ISSUES FOR TODAY
BUILDING AND GATHERING THE FLOCK OR SCATTERING THE SHEEP
Paul's Arrest and Address in Jerusalem (probably, Pentecost, 57 or 58 AD)
© Orest Solyma  
The Church of God in Williamstown
WEB SITE: http://www.alphalink.com.au/~sanhub/index_.htm

In preparing for this Bible Study and in anticipating it from Acts 21, I was quite assured that I would go through the entire grand message delivered by that mighty apostle, Paul, to the enraged mob of 'religious' people, fuming and vengeful, utterly convinced of his being heretical and their righteous indignation, as they agitatedly stood in the plaza area of the Temple. Since they were so avowedly faithful to their religion, their Temple (cf. Jer 7:4,14; Mt 24:2), and their Jerusalem, they knew that Paul, who was a threat to their cherished beliefs, was a dangerous man rampaging against God's Truth and God's Religion! He had to be gotten rid of, this enemy of Truth!

In Acts 20 we read Paul's address to the gathering of elders, (which included Sopater, Aristarchus, Secundus, Gaius, Timothy, Tychicus, Trophimus, Luke (vs4-6), who were travelling companions and helpers with Paul). Elders from Asia (western Turkey today), with Ephesus as its centre, were there also. One might presume that there were more than the number who came with Paul. He tells them that "chains and tribulations await" him (v23). He prophesies that "savage wolves will come in among" them and that from among them heresy and perversities would be taught. There would also be splintering of the Church (vs29-30). I perceive the indications that such things are within sight today and will continue to ravage the flocks until the fullness of the prophecies in Jer 23, Ezk 34, and similar prophecies, come to pass right until the Return of Jesus Christ. Christ's question in Lk 18:8: "Will I find faith on the earth?" is even now being revealed for what it means. It is anticipated that in this study some highly relevant matters, pertinent to current situations around the world, will be addressed.

Paul left the ministerial gathering with prayers and tears having told them that it is more blessed for the ministry to give than to receive (vs34-8; also see 18:1-4; 1Cor 4:12; 1Cor 9:7-18; 2Cor 11:7-15; 12:13-5; 1Thess 2:7-9; 2Thess 3:7-10; Lk 10:1-8 which speak of how Paul and his companions were supported financially). He and his companions sailed down the coast of Asia, past Cyprus to Tyre, where they stayed with brethren for a week (21:1-6). Again we were moved by the love, solidarity, and sacrifice revealed in this gathering of the saints! The entire church escorted Paul and the ministers with him to the beach until he boarded ship (v5). Then it was on to Caesarea, to the home of Philip (Was Cornelius, the centurion, still there?) and his four daughters, where Agabus prophesied of Paul's arrest in Jerusalem (vs10-20). Paul's account of his travels up to the gathering of elders in Jerusalem (v17ff) is put by Luke as: "He told in detail those things which God had done among the Gentiles through his ministry." The response of James and the Jerusalem elders was that they "glorified the LORD" but added (v20): You see, brother, how many myriads of Jews there are who have believed, and they are all zealous for the Law. The irony is that Paul had said nothing about the conversion of Jews in the Dispersion (Mt 10:6; 15:24; Jn 7:35; 1Pet 1:1; Jas 1:1; Rev 7:1-8; 14:1-5 help define what the N.T. says about the sheep of Israel, the dispersed tribes of Israel).

Had the decisions made and recorded in Acts 15 slipped backwards? Had what is perceived as the headquarters Church gone adrift in the Truth? Perhaps that great statement by Peter to the conference of elders (15:7-12) was forgotten?

Why is it that the application of these decisions in Acts 22 is avoided? They were stunned by God's very evident graciousness in offering salvation to all - Gentiles included - without distinction in any practices. We should recognise that the Jerusalem Church (Acts 15) had been influenced against the Will of God because of the way they dealt with Paul and Barnabas' disagreement with Pharasiac perceptions of what was required of Jews and Gentiles in terms of salvation (v5). Though they finally came to agreement with Paul and Barnabas, after much disputing, they were again adrift, as we find in their request to Paul to go along with the "traditions of the fathers" in ch 21.

Circumcision is of the heart (Moses knew it: Lev 26:41-2; Dt 30:6; Jeremiah knew it: Jer 4:4; 6:10; 9:26; Stephen knew it: Acts 7:51; and Paul knew it: Rom 2:24-29).

THE FOUR PROHIBITIONS (Acts 15:20,29)
These were to be understood in terms of their greater spiritual implications:

Let's notice in Revelation: Are we supposed to believe that all the kings of the earth literally fornicate with the Harlot in her brothel (cf. Mt 5:27-8)? In Jn 6:48-58 we read that the Son of God is our food and drink, our Bread of Life, and His life (life is in the blood) gives us life. We are to always be holy, as He is holy, so we must be ever aware of our priestly separation from all idolatries which offer deceiving alternatives to spiritual life (Hag 2:11-4). The Gentiles, with their deeper exposure to paganism, would need a stronger reminder of their Christian life style which is to be no different to those whose cultural background was Jewish.

May I quote from two renowned 19th century scholars, Conybeare and Howson, who published, in 1852, a fairly large book, The Life and Epistles of St. Paul. There is some quite interesting expression regarding the matters we wish to further discuss:

We have already had occasion to remark upon the peculiar composition of the Church in Jerusalem, and we have seen that a Pharasiac faction was sheltered in its bosom, which continually strove to turn Christianity into a sect of Judaism. We have seen that this faction had recently sent emissaries into the Gentile Churches, and had endeavoured to alienate the minds of St. Paul's converts from their converter. These men were restless agitators, animated by the bitterest sectarian spirit, and although they were numerically a small party, yet we know the power of a turbulent minority. But besides these Judaising zealots, there was a large proportion of the Christians at Jerusalem, whose Christianity ... was yet very weak and imperfect. The 'many thousands of Jews who believed' had ... a Jewish Messiah.
This was not the Messiah of Ps 2, 8, 22, 45, nor of Zechariah 13:7-9; but as with too many breakaways, formerly WCG people, a Messiah who is equal to God the Father, (based on misunderstanding Phlp 2:6: "Jesus Christ did not consider it robbery to be equal to God." [cp Jn 5:18; 10:33,36]). Apparently He 'chooses' to be inferior in knowledge to His God and Father. Do you notice the anomaly, i.e., He is told to be perfect (Mt 5:48), but 'chooses' to be inferior (1Cor 3:23; 15:24,28). Perhaps this is the philosophical absurdity behind there being so much spiritual laziness in too many people. Following Christ's example, people choose to be more ignorant than their ministry, their spiritual fathers. Funny, isn't it, how minorities always seem to claim that the majority can't be right? A new group forms, and the majority view within the 'new' body becomes the view upheld as truth. How is truth determined? This problem is going to be a cause of further splintering in the flocks.

WHAT IS TRUTH?
Didn't someone ask that question? What is the answer? The Word of God is Truth (Jn 17:17)! God is a God of Truth, righteousness, and perfection (Dt 32:4). Jesus Christ, the Light in this world of darkness, leads us into all Truth by the Spirit of Truth (Jn 8:12; 14:6,17; Ps 43:3). But who has problems with these verses? Those who cannot stand, nor answer according to Scripture, questions based on Scripture! Truth withstands, logically and coherently, all questions.

The Truth each of us believes and acts upon shall be put to the test (cf. Eph 6:13). If those truths are true, and we endure in them by the power and grace of God, we shall win the good fight of Faith. If cherished beliefs are erroneous in any way, and we refuse to change them, then falsehood shall be the basis of that faith. What happens when falsehoods are smashed in the heads of believers? Another problem that has been revealed for its devastating effects is the scoffing of the ministry, in the past, at the dogma of the Trinity. Numerous ministers would deride the dogma, but with little understanding of its historical and philosophical origins. In consequence, most have come to accept it. Unfortunately, as with the general membership, the biblical education of the ministry went little further than articles and booklets written by church leaders and writers poorly founded in the solidity of the Truth of the Scriptures.

Conybeare and Howson continue:

Their minds were in a state of transition between the Law and the Gospel, and it was of great consequence not to shock their prejudices too rudely, lest they should be tempted to make shipwreck of their faith, and renounce their Christianity altogether.
We too have seen, and see, the ongoing wrecking of the Faith so that large numbers have come to the place that they trust no-one, not even their own capacities to discern between Truth and Falsehood. Truth is defensible, tolerates hard questioning, does give logical and provable answers from the Scriptures, and is not opinion-based. Falsehoods are, at best, seemingly based on Scripture, but are in fact intolerant to hard questioning based on Biblical logic, and are the fruits of imagination.

Continuing with the quotation:

Their feelings would be easily excited by an appeal to their Jewish patriotism.
This would be akin to the false appeals made by statements urging people not to leave the Church [WCG or other] on this basis: "To whom did God bring you? To where were you called?" The falsity of intent in such questions is too often the assumption that the human instrumentality or corporation is that to which you are called. Each who is called (Jn 6:44-5,63-8), is drawn by and to God the Father through Jesus Christ by the working of the Holy Spirit (Rom 8:14-7; Eph 2:19-22; Heb 12:22-3)

Let's look at Heb 12:22,23:

Where are the firstborn of God? Where is the Assembly of the saints of God? Where are the spirits of righteous people who are being made perfect by the power and grace of God? Where is Mt Zion? Each of us must answer those sorts of questions for our selves - based on Biblical Truths!
Against St. Paul their dislike had been long and artfully fostered; and they would from the first have looked on him perhaps with some suspicion, as not being, like themselves, a Hebrew of the Holy City, but only a Hellenist of the Dispersion. ... we cannot doubt that the same elements were to be found amongst the Elders also. (p. 572; Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 1980).
Paul, after all, is not from headquarters. He's from the boondocks, and out of touch! We're at the place where Christ actually walked. Christ kept the Feast here!, And He was killed here! Some of us here were witnesses! Paul is out there influenced by those pagan Greeks! I agree. Paul is out there with the pagans. He's not at headquarters. He was probably not a witness to the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. And he probably was most unfortunate in that he wasn't at the place where so much more of the Spirit of Truth was eminently prevalent (Jer 7:4; Mt 23:37-24:2)!

With all that as a partial background let's begin in Acts 22.

This is an unusual way of starting a public address. Stephen had started with the same greeting in 7:2. Stephen (probably 34 AD) gives a history of the spiritual lives of Abraham through to Solomon and says in Acts 7:47-51: This is a most becoming delivery, self-evidently designed to minimise antagonism, and maximise politeness. This is the gentlemanly and ethical thing to do in such trying circumstances. Since Stephen died in sin, he won't go to heaven! The concepts behind the Way need recalling. Was the Way something that characterised only Christianity? What did zealous Jews have in their culture that helped them identify with this expression?

THE WAY
An ancient concept that is part of many cultures:
In Greek: hodos; German: Weg; Old English: weg; Old Frisian: wei; Syrian: urcha; Chinese: tao; Arabic: as-sabil; Sanscrit: marga; pathin; and path comes from Old English: paeth; Old High German: pfad. Hebrew uses two words: derek (TWOT 453); orach (TWOT 161).
The first use is in:

Moses, in prayer asked God for the Way: Moses, after the incident of the Golden Calf (the Egyptian god, Osiris, when depicted as a bullock, represented the Saviour of the Egyptian pantheon), said to Israel: Throughout the OT there are references to the Way: USE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT
It's use begins with: The last references and allusions are in: Now back to Acts 22: In Acts 22:5-14, Paul speaks of his conversion (see Acts 9:1-18): We need to notice, as we proceed, that the god of the fathers of the Sanhedrin is closer to what Plato and Philo taught, and is a different God to those whose spiritual fathers are Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, et al. See Mt 23:29-34; Jn 8:37-44.

WHO IS THIS GOD?
Did the Pharisees know Him? The answer is a very loud: NO!
Do we really know the God and the Son of God that Paul knew? Here is a selection of N.T. Scriptures that should be carefully considered for their simplicity as against a very few more difficult Scriptures some wish to misuse to redefine all the Scriptures into either trinitarian dogma or binitarian misrepresentation:

Note: Binitarianism is a biblically insupportable and absurd belief, both logically and philosophically, that essentially says that God and the Son of God are co-equal, co-eternal, and therefore of equal powers in all respects, the only difference being that the Son chose to limit Himself, as a Son in the incarnation, and forever. These Scriptures, despite the distortion of the meaning of Philippians 2:6, are conclusive. A very simple and convincing case will be made in a subsequent paper explaining Phlp 2:6.

Both Christ and Paul tell us that the religious leaders of the Jews did not know God. In Mt 23:13 we are told that they suppressed/hid the knowledge of the Kingdom of God; in Rm 1:18 we are told that in coming to know God they denied Him and suppressed the Truth. I am horrified in seeing the parallels with today.

In Jn 10 we have another example of distorting the Truth of what the Servant of God was sent to teach: THE PROBLEM OF RECOGNITION OF THE TRUE GOD:
Further examples from the Book of Acts: At the end of the Book of Acts, Paul speaks to Jewish leaders in Rome: Acts 22:15-21: Paul continues telling of his conversion experience. Notice where the Sanhedrin reacts very badly, and consider why! There are many O.T. Scriptures, known to but rejected by these leaders, that speak of the Truth going to the Gentiles: Dt 32:43; 2Chr 6:32-5; Ps 117:1; Is 11:10; 60:3.

Acts 22:22-30: The reaction of the "religious" mob in the Temple plaza!

Chapter 23 of Acts develops these remarkable themes further.

Go back to our Home Page